四、使用工具调用方式实现简单计算器

四、使用工具调用方式实现简单计算器

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参考资料：

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本合集《三、使用Spring AI实现工具调用（Tool Calling）》

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在第三篇中我们了解了怎么在SpringAI中实现工具调用，限制我们实操使用工具调用来实现一个简单计算器

1、使用 @Tool 注解定义工具方式实现

import org.springframework.ai.tool.annotation.Tool;

public class CalculatorTools {
    @Tool(description = "将两个数相加")
    public double add(double x, double y) {
        System.out.println("CalculatorTools的add被调用了");
        return x + y;
    }

    @Tool(description = "将两个数相减")
    public double subtract(double x, double y) {
        System.out.println("CalculatorTools的subtract被调用了");
        return x - y;
    }

    @Tool(description = "将两个数相乘")
    public double multiply(double x, double y) {
        System.out.println("CalculatorTools的multiply被调用了");
        return x * y;
    }

    @Tool(description = "将两个数相除")
    public double divide(double x, double y) {
        if (y == 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("除数不能为零");
        }
        System.out.println("CalculatorTools的divide被调用了");
        return x / y;
    }

    @Tool(description = "计算平方根")
    public double sqrt(double x) {
        if (x < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("不能对负数开平方根");
        }
        System.out.println("CalculatorTools的sqrt被调用了");
        return Math.sqrt(x);
    }
}

@RestController
public class ToolsController {
    @Autowired
    private ChatModel chatModel;

    @GetMapping(value = "/tools/calculator")
    public String toolCalculator(@RequestParam("userInput") String userInput) {
        return ChatClient.create(chatModel)
                .prompt()
                .user(userInput)
                .tools(new CalculatorTools())
                .call()
                .content();
    }
}

2、使用函数式编程定义工具

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonPropertyDescription;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Description;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.function.Function;

@Component
@Description("执行数学计算：加法、减法、乘法、除法")
public class CalculatorService implements Function<CalculatorService.Request, CalculatorService.Response> {

    public record Request(
            @JsonPropertyDescription("第一个操作数") double num1,
            @JsonPropertyDescription("第二个操作数") double num2,
            @JsonPropertyDescription("运算类型：ADD/SUBTRACT/MULTIPLY/DIVIDE")
            String operation
    ) {}

    public record Response(double result, String message) {}

    @Override
    public Response apply(Request request) {
        double result;
        String message;

        switch (request.operation().toUpperCase()) {
            case "ADD":
                result = request.num1() + request.num2();
                message = String.format("%.2f + %.2f = %.2f", request.num1(), request.num2(), result);
                break;
            case "SUBTRACT":
                result = request.num1() - request.num2();
                message = String.format("%.2f - %.2f = %.2f", request.num1(), request.num2(), result);
                break;
            case "MULTIPLY":
                result = request.num1() * request.num2();
                message = String.format("%.2f × %.2f = %.2f", request.num1(), request.num2(), result);
                break;
            case "DIVIDE":
                if (request.num2() == 0) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("除数不能为零");
                }
                result = request.num1() / request.num2();
                message = String.format("%.2f ÷ %.2f = %.2f", request.num1(), request.num2(), result);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("不支持的运算类型: " + request.operation());
        }

        return new Response(result, message);
    }
}

2.1、手动构建 FunctionToolCallback

@RestController
public class ToolsController {
    @Autowired
    private ChatModel chatModel;

    @GetMapping(value = "/functions/calculator")
    public String functionCalculator(@RequestParam("userInput") String userInput) {
        FunctionToolCallback<CalculatorService.Request, CalculatorService.Response> callback =
                FunctionToolCallback.builder("加、减、乘、除、平方根运算计算器", new CalculatorService())
                        .description("支持加、减、乘、除、平方根运算等操作，如果用户问的问题不支持请告知详情。")
                        .inputType(CalculatorService.Request.class)
                        .build();

        return ChatClient.create(chatModel)
                .prompt()
                .toolCallbacks(callback)
                .user(userInput)
                .call()
                .content();
    }
}

2.2、通过 @Bean 注册工具

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