mysql的docker化安装

mysql版本有很多，先看下各类版本号说明：

3.X至5.1.X：这是早期MySQL的版本。常见早期的版本有：4.1.7、5.0.56等。

5.4.X到5.7.X：这是为了整合MySQL AB公司社区和第三方公司开发的新存储引擎。吸收新的实现算法，更好的支持SMP架构。为提升性能做了大量代码重构。

6.0.X到7.1.X：这是为了更好推广MySQL Cluster版本，以及提高MySQL性能和稳定性以及新功能。改动MySQL基础功能，从而对Cluster存储引擎提供更有效支持优化。因为发布时间较晚，发布时已经有其他手段解决MySQL集群技术问题，所以并没有很好的推广使用。

参考地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/mehome/p/9428175.html

看了版本说明就很好选择想要使用的版本了，由于笔者常用的是5.7.13版本，此处就以此为例，步骤就是先查寻并获取镜像（此处略）。

镜像获取完成后启动mysql，到容器里面看下配置文件my.conf：

[root@devlop ~]# sudo docker exec -it mysql bash
root@b60ba70e2447:/# cat /etc/mysql/
conf.d/ my.cnf  
root@b60ba70e2447:/# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf 
# Copyright (c) 2014, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL Community Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[client]
port        = 3306
socket        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice        = 0

[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
user        = mysql
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port        = 3306
basedir        = /usr
datadir        = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir        = /tmp
lc-messages-dir    = /usr/share/mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address    = 127.0.0.1

#log-error    = /var/log/mysql/error.log

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
root@b60ba70e2447:/# 

看到配置后，就可以把自己想要的目录持久化出来了，且注意时区转换：

docker run --name mysqltest -p 3306:3306 -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai:/etc/localtime -v /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -eMYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root-password -d mysql:5.7.13

启动完成后进入容器连一下mysql，并看看时区：

[root@devlop ~]# docker exec -it mysqltest bash
root@5446ce5c7ddf:/# mysql -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select now();
+---------------------+
| now()               |
+---------------------+
| 2019-02-22 15:55:59 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

安装完成。