第13章-WPF桌面应用开发

第13章：WPF 桌面应用开发

13.1 WPF 集成概述

SharpMap 没有原生的 WPF 控件，但可以通过以下方式在 WPF 中使用：

WindowsFormsHost - 在 WPF 中承载 WinForms MapBox 控件
Image 绑定 - 将地图渲染为图片显示在 WPF Image 控件中
自定义控件 - 创建基于 WPF 的自定义地图控件

13.2 使用 WindowsFormsHost

13.2.1 项目配置

<!-- 添加引用 -->
<ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="SharpMap" Version="1.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="SharpMap.UI" Version="1.2.0" />
</ItemGroup>

<!-- 添加程序集引用 -->
<ItemGroup>
    <Reference Include="WindowsFormsIntegration" />
    <Reference Include="System.Windows.Forms" />
</ItemGroup>

13.2.2 XAML 布局

<Window x:Class="SharpMapWpf.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:wfi="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Forms.Integration;assembly=WindowsFormsIntegration"
        xmlns:sm="clr-namespace:SharpMap.Forms;assembly=SharpMap.UI"
        Title="SharpMap WPF" Height="600" Width="800">
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>

        <!-- 工具栏 -->
        <ToolBar Grid.Row="0">
            <Button Content="平移" Click="Pan_Click"/>
            <Button Content="放大" Click="ZoomIn_Click"/>
            <Button Content="缩小" Click="ZoomOut_Click"/>
            <Separator/>
            <Button Content="全图" Click="ZoomToExtents_Click"/>
        </ToolBar>

        <!-- 地图控件 -->
        <WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="1" x:Name="mapHost">
            <sm:MapBox x:Name="mapBox"/>
        </WindowsFormsHost>

        <!-- 状态栏 -->
        <StatusBar Grid.Row="2">
            <StatusBarItem>
                <TextBlock x:Name="statusText" Text="就绪"/>
            </StatusBarItem>
        </StatusBar>
    </Grid>
</Window>

13.2.3 代码实现

using System.Windows;
using SharpMap;
using SharpMap.Layers;
using SharpMap.Data.Providers;
using SharpMap.Styles;
using SharpMap.Forms;

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    private Map _map;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        Loaded += MainWindow_Loaded;
    }

    private void MainWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        InitializeMap();
    }

    private void InitializeMap()
    {
        _map = new Map(new System.Drawing.Size(800, 600));
        _map.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;

        // 加载图层
        var layer = new VectorLayer("Countries");
        layer.DataSource = new ShapeFile("countries.shp", true);
        layer.Style = new VectorStyle
        {
            Fill = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.LightGreen),
            Outline = new System.Drawing.Pen(System.Drawing.Color.DarkGreen, 1),
            EnableOutline = true
        };
        _map.Layers.Add(layer);
        _map.ZoomToExtents();

        // 绑定到控件
        mapBox.Map = _map;
        mapBox.ActiveTool = MapBox.Tools.Pan;

        // 事件绑定
        mapBox.MouseMove += MapBox_MouseMove;
    }

    private void MapBox_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        var worldPoint = _map.ImageToWorld(new System.Drawing.PointF(e.X, e.Y));
        statusText.Text = $"坐标: {worldPoint.X:F6}, {worldPoint.Y:F6}";
    }

    private void Pan_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        => mapBox.ActiveTool = MapBox.Tools.Pan;

    private void ZoomIn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        => mapBox.ActiveTool = MapBox.Tools.ZoomIn;

    private void ZoomOut_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        => mapBox.ActiveTool = MapBox.Tools.ZoomOut;

    private void ZoomToExtents_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        _map.ZoomToExtents();
        mapBox.Refresh();
    }
}

13.3 使用 Image 控件

13.3.1 MVVM 模式

// ViewModel
public class MapViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    private Map _map;
    private BitmapSource _mapImage;
    
    public BitmapSource MapImage
    {
        get => _mapImage;
        set { _mapImage = value; OnPropertyChanged(); }
    }
    
    public ICommand ZoomInCommand { get; }
    public ICommand ZoomOutCommand { get; }
    public ICommand PanCommand { get; }
    
    public MapViewModel()
    {
        InitializeMap();
        
        ZoomInCommand = new RelayCommand(() => Zoom(0.5));
        ZoomOutCommand = new RelayCommand(() => Zoom(2));
    }
    
    private void InitializeMap()
    {
        _map = new Map(new System.Drawing.Size(800, 600));
        _map.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
        
        // 加载数据...
        
        RefreshMap();
    }
    
    private void Zoom(double factor)
    {
        _map.Zoom *= factor;
        RefreshMap();
    }
    
    private void RefreshMap()
    {
        using (var image = _map.GetMap())
        {
            MapImage = ConvertToBitmapSource(image);
        }
    }
    
    private BitmapSource ConvertToBitmapSource(System.Drawing.Image image)
    {
        using (var bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(image))
        using (var memory = new MemoryStream())
        {
            bitmap.Save(memory, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
            memory.Position = 0;
            
            var bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.BeginInit();
            bitmapImage.StreamSource = memory;
            bitmapImage.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
            bitmapImage.EndInit();
            bitmapImage.Freeze();
            
            return bitmapImage;
        }
    }
    
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string name = null)
    {
        PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
    }
}

13.3.2 XAML 绑定

<Window x:Class="SharpMapWpf.ImageMapWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="SharpMap Image" Height="600" Width="800">
    <Window.DataContext>
        <local:MapViewModel/>
    </Window.DataContext>
    
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        
        <ToolBar Grid.Row="0">
            <Button Content="放大" Command="{Binding ZoomInCommand}"/>
            <Button Content="缩小" Command="{Binding ZoomOutCommand}"/>
        </ToolBar>
        
        <Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{Binding MapImage}" 
               Stretch="None" HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
               VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
    </Grid>
</Window>

13.4 鼠标交互

13.4.1 拖拽平移

public class MapControl : Image
{
    private Map _map;
    private Point _lastMousePosition;
    private bool _isDragging;
    
    public MapControl()
    {
        this.MouseLeftButtonDown += OnMouseLeftButtonDown;
        this.MouseLeftButtonUp += OnMouseLeftButtonUp;
        this.MouseMove += OnMouseMove;
        this.MouseWheel += OnMouseWheel;
    }
    
    private void OnMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        _lastMousePosition = e.GetPosition(this);
        _isDragging = true;
        this.CaptureMouse();
    }
    
    private void OnMouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        _isDragging = false;
        this.ReleaseMouseCapture();
    }
    
    private void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (_isDragging && _map != null)
        {
            var currentPosition = e.GetPosition(this);
            var deltaX = (currentPosition.X - _lastMousePosition.X) * _map.PixelWidth;
            var deltaY = (currentPosition.Y - _lastMousePosition.Y) * _map.PixelHeight;
            
            var center = _map.Center;
            _map.Center = new Coordinate(center.X - deltaX, center.Y + deltaY);
            
            _lastMousePosition = currentPosition;
            RefreshMap();
        }
    }
    
    private void OnMouseWheel(object sender, MouseWheelEventArgs e)
    {
        if (_map != null)
        {
            double factor = e.Delta > 0 ? 0.8 : 1.2;
            _map.Zoom *= factor;
            RefreshMap();
        }
    }
}

13.5 自定义 WPF 地图控件

public class WpfMapControl : FrameworkElement
{
    private Map _map;
    private DrawingVisual _visual;
    
    public static readonly DependencyProperty MapProperty =
        DependencyProperty.Register("Map", typeof(Map), typeof(WpfMapControl),
            new PropertyMetadata(null, OnMapChanged));
    
    public Map Map
    {
        get => (Map)GetValue(MapProperty);
        set => SetValue(MapProperty, value);
    }
    
    public WpfMapControl()
    {
        _visual = new DrawingVisual();
        AddVisualChild(_visual);
    }
    
    private static void OnMapChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var control = (WpfMapControl)d;
        control._map = e.NewValue as Map;
        control.RefreshMap();
    }
    
    public void RefreshMap()
    {
        if (_map == null || ActualWidth == 0 || ActualHeight == 0)
            return;
        
        _map.Size = new System.Drawing.Size((int)ActualWidth, (int)ActualHeight);
        
        using (var image = _map.GetMap())
        using (var bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(image))
        using (var memory = new MemoryStream())
        {
            bitmap.Save(memory, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
            memory.Position = 0;
            
            var bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.BeginInit();
            bitmapImage.StreamSource = memory;
            bitmapImage.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
            bitmapImage.EndInit();
            
            using (var dc = _visual.RenderOpen())
            {
                dc.DrawImage(bitmapImage, new Rect(0, 0, ActualWidth, ActualHeight));
            }
        }
    }
    
    protected override int VisualChildrenCount => 1;
    
    protected override Visual GetVisualChild(int index) => _visual;
    
    protected override void OnRenderSizeChanged(SizeChangedInfo sizeInfo)
    {
        base.OnRenderSizeChanged(sizeInfo);
        RefreshMap();
    }
}

13.6 图层管理

<!-- XAML -->
<ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Layers}">
    <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <CheckBox Content="{Binding Name}" 
                      IsChecked="{Binding IsVisible, Mode=TwoWay}"/>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>

// ViewModel
public class LayerViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    private readonly ILayer _layer;
    
    public string Name => _layer.LayerName;
    
    public bool IsVisible
    {
        get => _layer.Enabled;
        set
        {
            _layer.Enabled = value;
            OnPropertyChanged();
            // 触发地图刷新
        }
    }
}

13.7 本章小结

本章介绍了 SharpMap WPF 桌面应用开发：

WindowsFormsHost：在 WPF 中承载 WinForms 控件
Image 绑定：使用 MVVM 模式渲染地图
鼠标交互：实现拖拽和缩放
自定义控件：创建 WPF 原生地图控件
图层管理：WPF 风格的图层控制

下一章预告：第14章将介绍 ASP.NET Web 应用开发。

posted @ 2026-01-08 14:09 我才是银古阅读(5) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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第13章-WPF桌面应用开发

第13章：WPF 桌面应用开发

13.1 WPF 集成概述

13.2 使用 WindowsFormsHost

13.2.1 项目配置

13.2.2 XAML 布局

13.2.3 代码实现

13.3 使用 Image 控件

13.3.1 MVVM 模式

13.3.2 XAML 绑定

13.4 鼠标交互

13.4.1 拖拽平移

13.5 自定义 WPF 地图控件

13.6 图层管理

13.7 本章小结

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