第14章-Word页眉页脚与页面设置
第十四章：Word页眉页脚与页面设置
14.1 页面设置
14.1.1 页面大小
using NPOI.XWPF.UserModel;
using NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.Wordprocessing;
XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();
// 获取或创建文档属性
CT_SectPr sectPr = doc.Document.body.sectPr;
if (sectPr == null)
{
sectPr = doc.Document.body.AddNewSectPr();
}
// 设置页面大小
CT_PageSz pageSize = sectPr.AddNewPgSz();
// A4纸：宽21cm，高29.7cm（单位：twip，1英寸=1440twip，1cm≈567twip）
pageSize.w = 11906; // 21cm
pageSize.h = 16838; // 29.7cm
// 常用纸张大小（单位：twip）
// A4: 11906 x 16838
// A3: 16838 x 23811
// Letter: 12240 x 15840
// Legal: 12240 x 20160
// 设置页面方向
pageSize.orient = ST_PageOrientation.portrait; // 纵向
// pageSize.orient = ST_PageOrientation.landscape; // 横向
14.1.2 页边距
// 设置页边距
CT_PageMar pageMar = sectPr.AddNewPgMar();
// 单位：twip（1英寸=1440twip，1cm≈567twip）
pageMar.top = "1440"; // 上边距1英寸
pageMar.bottom = "1440"; // 下边距1英寸
pageMar.left = 1800; // 左边距1.25英寸
pageMar.right = 1800; // 右边距1.25英寸
pageMar.header = 720; // 页眉距离
pageMar.footer = 720; // 页脚距离
pageMar.gutter = 0; // 装订线
14.1.3 页面设置辅助类
/// <summary>
/// 页面设置辅助类
/// </summary>
public static class PageSetupHelper
{
// 单位转换
public static ulong CmToTwip(double cm) => (ulong)(cm * 567);
public static ulong InchToTwip(double inch) => (ulong)(inch * 1440);
/// <summary>
/// 设置A4纸纵向
/// </summary>
public static void SetA4Portrait(XWPFDocument doc)
{
SetPageSize(doc, 21, 29.7, false);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置A4纸横向
/// </summary>
public static void SetA4Landscape(XWPFDocument doc)
{
SetPageSize(doc, 29.7, 21, true);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置页面大小（厘米）
/// </summary>
public static void SetPageSize(XWPFDocument doc, double widthCm, double heightCm,
bool landscape = false)
{
CT_SectPr sectPr = GetOrCreateSectPr(doc);
CT_PageSz pageSize = sectPr.pgSz ?? sectPr.AddNewPgSz();
pageSize.w = CmToTwip(widthCm);
pageSize.h = CmToTwip(heightCm);
pageSize.orient = landscape ? ST_PageOrientation.landscape : ST_PageOrientation.portrait;
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置页边距（厘米）
/// </summary>
public static void SetPageMargins(XWPFDocument doc, double top, double bottom,
double left, double right)
{
CT_SectPr sectPr = GetOrCreateSectPr(doc);
CT_PageMar pageMar = sectPr.pgMar ?? sectPr.AddNewPgMar();
pageMar.top = CmToTwip(top).ToString();
pageMar.bottom = CmToTwip(bottom).ToString();
pageMar.left = CmToTwip(left);
pageMar.right = CmToTwip(right);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置常规边距（2.54cm上下，3.18cm左右）
/// </summary>
public static void SetNormalMargins(XWPFDocument doc)
{
SetPageMargins(doc, 2.54, 2.54, 3.18, 3.18);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置窄边距（1.27cm）
/// </summary>
public static void SetNarrowMargins(XWPFDocument doc)
{
SetPageMargins(doc, 1.27, 1.27, 1.27, 1.27);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置适中边距
/// </summary>
public static void SetModerateMargins(XWPFDocument doc)
{
SetPageMargins(doc, 2.54, 2.54, 1.91, 1.91);
}
private static CT_SectPr GetOrCreateSectPr(XWPFDocument doc)
{
if (doc.Document.body.sectPr == null)
{
doc.Document.body.AddNewSectPr();
}
return doc.Document.body.sectPr;
}
}
14.2 页眉设置
14.2.1 创建页眉
/// <summary>
/// 创建简单页眉
/// </summary>
public static void CreateSimpleHeader(XWPFDocument doc, string headerText)
{
// 创建页眉
XWPFHeader header = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
// 创建段落
XWPFParagraph para = header.CreateParagraph();
para.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
// 添加文本
XWPFRun run = para.CreateRun();
run.SetText(headerText);
run.FontSize = 10;
run.SetColor("666666");
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建带样式的页眉
/// </summary>
public static void CreateStyledHeader(XWPFDocument doc, string leftText,
string centerText, string rightText)
{
XWPFHeader header = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
// 使用制表符实现左中右布局
XWPFParagraph para = header.CreateParagraph();
// 设置制表位
var ctp = para.GetCTP();
var pPr = ctp.AddNewPPr();
var tabs = pPr.AddNewTabs();
// 中间制表位
var centerTab = tabs.AddNewTab();
centerTab.val = ST_TabJc.center;
centerTab.pos = "4680"; // 页面中间
// 右边制表位
var rightTab = tabs.AddNewTab();
rightTab.val = ST_TabJc.right;
rightTab.pos = "9360"; // 页面右边
// 左边文本
XWPFRun leftRun = para.CreateRun();
leftRun.SetText(leftText);
leftRun.FontSize = 9;
// 制表符（到中间）
para.CreateRun().AddTab();
// 中间文本
XWPFRun centerRun = para.CreateRun();
centerRun.SetText(centerText);
centerRun.FontSize = 9;
centerRun.IsBold = true;
// 制表符（到右边）
para.CreateRun().AddTab();
// 右边文本
XWPFRun rightRun = para.CreateRun();
rightRun.SetText(rightText);
rightRun.FontSize = 9;
}
14.2.2 首页不同页眉
/// <summary>
/// 创建首页不同的页眉
/// </summary>
public static void CreateDifferentFirstPageHeader(XWPFDocument doc,
string firstPageHeader, string defaultHeader)
{
// 设置首页不同
CT_SectPr sectPr = doc.Document.body.sectPr ?? doc.Document.body.AddNewSectPr();
sectPr.AddNewTitlePg(); // 启用首页不同
// 首页页眉
XWPFHeader firstHeader = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.FIRST);
XWPFParagraph firstPara = firstHeader.CreateParagraph();
firstPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun firstRun = firstPara.CreateRun();
firstRun.SetText(firstPageHeader);
firstRun.FontSize = 10;
// 默认页眉（第2页开始）
XWPFHeader defaultHeaderObj = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph defaultPara = defaultHeaderObj.CreateParagraph();
defaultPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun defaultRun = defaultPara.CreateRun();
defaultRun.SetText(defaultHeader);
defaultRun.FontSize = 10;
}
14.2.3 奇偶页不同页眉
/// <summary>
/// 创建奇偶页不同的页眉
/// </summary>
public static void CreateOddEvenHeaders(XWPFDocument doc,
string oddHeader, string evenHeader)
{
// 设置奇偶页不同
CT_Settings settings = doc.Document.settings ?? doc.Document.AddNewSettings();
settings.AddNewEvenAndOddHeaders();
// 奇数页页眉
XWPFHeader oddHeaderObj = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph oddPara = oddHeaderObj.CreateParagraph();
oddPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.RIGHT;
XWPFRun oddRun = oddPara.CreateRun();
oddRun.SetText(oddHeader);
// 偶数页页眉
XWPFHeader evenHeaderObj = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.EVEN);
XWPFParagraph evenPara = evenHeaderObj.CreateParagraph();
evenPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.LEFT;
XWPFRun evenRun = evenPara.CreateRun();
evenRun.SetText(evenHeader);
}
14.3 页脚设置
14.3.1 创建页脚
/// <summary>
/// 创建简单页脚
/// </summary>
public static void CreateSimpleFooter(XWPFDocument doc, string footerText)
{
XWPFFooter footer = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph para = footer.CreateParagraph();
para.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun run = para.CreateRun();
run.SetText(footerText);
run.FontSize = 9;
run.SetColor("666666");
}
14.3.2 添加页码
/// <summary>
/// 创建带页码的页脚
/// </summary>
public static void CreateFooterWithPageNumber(XWPFDocument doc)
{
XWPFFooter footer = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph para = footer.CreateParagraph();
para.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
// "第 X 页 / 共 Y 页" 格式
XWPFRun run1 = para.CreateRun();
run1.SetText("第 ");
run1.FontSize = 9;
// 当前页码
var ctp = para.GetCTP();
var fldSimple1 = ctp.AddNewFldSimple();
fldSimple1.instr = "PAGE";
XWPFRun run2 = para.CreateRun();
run2.SetText(" 页 / 共 ");
run2.FontSize = 9;
// 总页数
var fldSimple2 = ctp.AddNewFldSimple();
fldSimple2.instr = "NUMPAGES";
XWPFRun run3 = para.CreateRun();
run3.SetText(" 页");
run3.FontSize = 9;
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建简单页码页脚（仅数字）
/// </summary>
public static void CreateSimplePageNumberFooter(XWPFDocument doc)
{
XWPFFooter footer = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph para = footer.CreateParagraph();
para.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
// 添加页码字段
var ctp = para.GetCTP();
var fldSimple = ctp.AddNewFldSimple();
fldSimple.instr = "PAGE";
}
14.3.3 带版权信息的页脚
/// <summary>
/// 创建带版权信息的页脚
/// </summary>
public static void CreateCopyrightFooter(XWPFDocument doc, string companyName)
{
XWPFFooter footer = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
// 第一行：页码
XWPFParagraph pageNumPara = footer.CreateParagraph();
pageNumPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
var ctp1 = pageNumPara.GetCTP();
var fldSimple1 = ctp1.AddNewFldSimple();
fldSimple1.instr = "PAGE";
// 第二行：版权信息
XWPFParagraph copyrightPara = footer.CreateParagraph();
copyrightPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun copyrightRun = copyrightPara.CreateRun();
copyrightRun.SetText($"© {DateTime.Now.Year} {companyName} 版权所有");
copyrightRun.FontSize = 8;
copyrightRun.SetColor("999999");
}
14.4 分节与不同页面设置
14.4.1 插入分节符
/// <summary>
/// 插入分节符
/// </summary>
public static void InsertSectionBreak(XWPFDocument doc, ST_SectionMark breakType)
{
XWPFParagraph para = doc.CreateParagraph();
var ctp = para.GetCTP();
var pPr = ctp.AddNewPPr();
var sectPr = pPr.AddNewSectPr();
var type = sectPr.AddNewType();
type.val = breakType;
// 分节符类型：
// ST_SectionMark.nextPage - 下一页
// ST_SectionMark.continuous - 连续
// ST_SectionMark.evenPage - 偶数页
// ST_SectionMark.oddPage - 奇数页
}
/// <summary>
/// 插入下一页分节符
/// </summary>
public static void InsertNextPageSection(XWPFDocument doc)
{
InsertSectionBreak(doc, ST_SectionMark.nextPage);
}
14.4.2 不同节的页面设置
/// <summary>
/// 为特定节设置不同的页面方向
/// </summary>
public static void SetSectionLandscape(XWPFParagraph para)
{
var ctp = para.GetCTP();
var pPr = ctp.pPr ?? ctp.AddNewPPr();
var sectPr = pPr.sectPr ?? pPr.AddNewSectPr();
// 设置横向
var pgSz = sectPr.AddNewPgSz();
pgSz.orient = ST_PageOrientation.landscape;
pgSz.w = 16838; // A4横向宽度
pgSz.h = 11906; // A4横向高度
}
14.5 综合示例
14.5.1 创建完整格式的文档
public class CompleteDocumentExample
{
public static void CreateDocument()
{
XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();
// 1. 页面设置
PageSetupHelper.SetA4Portrait(doc);
PageSetupHelper.SetNormalMargins(doc);
// 2. 设置首页不同
CT_SectPr sectPr = doc.Document.body.sectPr ?? doc.Document.body.AddNewSectPr();
sectPr.AddNewTitlePg();
// 3. 创建首页页眉（空白或特殊）
XWPFHeader firstHeader = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.FIRST);
XWPFParagraph firstHeaderPara = firstHeader.CreateParagraph();
// 首页页眉为空
// 4. 创建默认页眉
XWPFHeader header = doc.CreateHeader(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph headerPara = header.CreateParagraph();
headerPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun headerRun = headerPara.CreateRun();
headerRun.SetText("NPOI技术文档");
headerRun.FontSize = 10;
headerRun.SetColor("666666");
// 添加页眉下划线
headerPara.SetBorderBottom(Borders.Single, 4, 0, "CCCCCC");
// 5. 创建首页页脚
XWPFFooter firstFooter = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.FIRST);
XWPFParagraph firstFooterPara = firstFooter.CreateParagraph();
firstFooterPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
XWPFRun firstFooterRun = firstFooterPara.CreateRun();
firstFooterRun.SetText($"© {DateTime.Now.Year} 版权所有");
firstFooterRun.FontSize = 9;
firstFooterRun.SetColor("999999");
// 6. 创建默认页脚（带页码）
XWPFFooter footer = doc.CreateFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
XWPFParagraph footerPara = footer.CreateParagraph();
footerPara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
// 上划线
footerPara.SetBorderTop(Borders.Single, 4, 0, "CCCCCC");
XWPFRun footerRun1 = footerPara.CreateRun();
footerRun1.SetText("第 ");
footerRun1.FontSize = 9;
var ctp = footerPara.GetCTP();
var fldPage = ctp.AddNewFldSimple();
fldPage.instr = "PAGE";
XWPFRun footerRun2 = footerPara.CreateRun();
footerRun2.SetText(" 页 / 共 ");
footerRun2.FontSize = 9;
var fldTotal = ctp.AddNewFldSimple();
fldTotal.instr = "NUMPAGES";
XWPFRun footerRun3 = footerPara.CreateRun();
footerRun3.SetText(" 页");
footerRun3.FontSize = 9;
// 7. 添加内容
// 首页内容
XWPFParagraph titlePara = doc.CreateParagraph();
titlePara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
titlePara.SpacingBefore = 5000;
XWPFRun titleRun = titlePara.CreateRun();
titleRun.SetText("NPOI技术文档");
titleRun.IsBold = true;
titleRun.FontSize = 28;
XWPFParagraph subtitlePara = doc.CreateParagraph();
subtitlePara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
subtitlePara.SpacingBefore = 500;
XWPFRun subtitleRun = subtitlePara.CreateRun();
subtitleRun.SetText("版本 1.0");
subtitleRun.FontSize = 14;
subtitleRun.SetColor("666666");
XWPFParagraph datePara = doc.CreateParagraph();
datePara.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;
datePara.SpacingBefore = 2000;
XWPFRun dateRun = datePara.CreateRun();
dateRun.SetText(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy年MM月dd日"));
dateRun.FontSize = 12;
// 分页
XWPFParagraph breakPara = doc.CreateParagraph();
XWPFRun breakRun = breakPara.CreateRun();
breakRun.AddBreak(BreakType.PAGE);
// 正文内容
XWPFParagraph contentTitle = doc.CreateParagraph();
XWPFRun contentTitleRun = contentTitle.CreateRun();
contentTitleRun.SetText("第一章 概述");
contentTitleRun.IsBold = true;
contentTitleRun.FontSize = 16;
XWPFParagraph contentPara = doc.CreateParagraph();
contentPara.IndentationFirstLine = 420;
XWPFRun contentRun = contentPara.CreateRun();
contentRun.SetText("NPOI是一个强大的.NET库，用于读取和写入Microsoft Office文件。" +
"本文档详细介绍了NPOI的各项功能和使用方法。");
contentRun.FontSize = 12;
// 保存
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("完整文档.docx", FileMode.Create))
{
doc.Write(fs);
}
Console.WriteLine("完整文档创建成功！");
}
}
14.6 本章小结
本章详细介绍了NPOI中Word页眉页脚和页面设置。通过本章学习，你应该掌握：
- 页面大小和方向的设置
- 页边距的设置
- 页眉的创建和样式设置
- 首页不同、奇偶页不同的页眉
- 页脚和页码的添加
- 分节符的使用
- 综合应用这些功能创建专业文档
页眉页脚和页面设置是创建正式文档的重要组成部分。
下一章预告：第十五章将介绍PowerPoint演示文稿操作。
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