第12章-覆盖范围与栅格数据管理
第12章：覆盖范围与栅格数据管理
12.1 覆盖范围概述
覆盖范围（Coverage）是GeoServer中用于管理栅格数据的核心概念。它包括卫星影像、数字高程模型（DEM）、气象数据等栅格数据类型。
12.1.1 支持的栅格格式
- GeoTIFF：地理标记的TIFF文件
- WorldImage：带世界文件的图像（JPEG, PNG等）
- ArcGrid：ESRI ASCII Grid格式
- ECW, MrSID：压缩格式
- NetCDF, HDF：科学数据格式
- ImageMosaic：影像镶嵌
12.2 CoverageStoreService 核心功能
12.2.1 服务接口
public class CoverageStoreService
{
// 获取覆盖范围存储列表
public async Task<CoverageStore[]> GetCoverageStoresAsync(string workspaceName);
// 获取覆盖范围存储详情
public async Task<CoverageStore> GetCoverageStoreAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName);
// 创建覆盖范围存储
public async Task CreateCoverageStoreAsync(string workspaceName, CoverageStore store);
// 更新覆盖范围存储
public async Task UpdateCoverageStoreAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, CoverageStore store);
// 删除覆盖范围存储
public async Task DeleteCoverageStoreAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, bool recurse = false);
}
12.2.2 数据模型
public class CoverageStore
{
[JsonProperty("name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("type")]
public string Type { get; set; } // GeoTIFF, WorldImage, etc.
[JsonProperty("enabled")]
public bool Enabled { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("workspace")]
public WorkspaceReference Workspace { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("url")]
public string URL { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("coverages")]
public string Coverages { get; set; }
}
12.3 创建GeoTIFF覆盖范围存储
12.3.1 基本创建
using var factory = new GeoServerClientFactory(options);
var coverageStoreService = factory.CreateCoverageStoreService();
var coverageStore = new CoverageStore
{
Name = "elevation_data",
Type = "GeoTIFF",
Enabled = true,
URL = "file:///data/elevation.tif"
};
await coverageStoreService.CreateCoverageStoreAsync("myWorkspace", coverageStore);
Console.WriteLine("GeoTIFF覆盖范围存储创建成功!");
12.3.2 上传GeoTIFF文件
// 读取GeoTIFF文件
var tiffBytes = File.ReadAllBytes("path/to/elevation.tif");
// 上传到GeoServer
var content = new ByteArrayContent(tiffBytes);
content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("image/tiff");
await httpClient.PutAsync(
$"/rest/workspaces/myWorkspace/coveragestores/elevation_data/file.geotiff",
content);
Console.WriteLine("GeoTIFF文件上传成功!");
12.4 Coverage Service - 覆盖范围管理
12.4.1 CoverageService 接口
public class CoverageService
{
// 获取覆盖范围列表
public async Task<Coverage[]> GetCoveragesAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName);
// 获取覆盖范围详情
public async Task<Coverage> GetCoverageAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, string coverageName);
// 创建覆盖范围
public async Task CreateCoverageAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, Coverage coverage);
// 更新覆盖范围
public async Task UpdateCoverageAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, string coverageName, Coverage coverage);
// 删除覆盖范围
public async Task DeleteCoverageAsync(string workspaceName, string storeName, string coverageName, bool recurse = false);
}
12.4.2 发布覆盖范围
var coverageService = factory.CreateCoverageService();
var coverage = new Coverage
{
Name = "elevation",
NativeName = "elevation",
Title = "数字高程模型",
Abstract = "某地区的数字高程数据",
Enabled = true,
SRS = "EPSG:4326",
ProjectionPolicy = "REPROJECT_TO_DECLARED",
NativeCRS = "EPSG:4326",
DefaultInterpolationMethod = "nearest neighbor"
};
await coverageService.CreateCoverageAsync("myWorkspace", "elevation_data", coverage);
Console.WriteLine("覆盖范围发布成功!");
12.5 影像镶嵌（ImageMosaic）
12.5.1 创建影像镶嵌存储
var mosaicStore = new CoverageStore
{
Name = "satellite_mosaic",
Type = "ImageMosaic",
Enabled = true,
URL = "file:///data/satellite_images"
};
await coverageStoreService.CreateCoverageStoreAsync("myWorkspace", mosaicStore);
// 配置时间维度
var coverage = await coverageService.GetCoverageAsync("myWorkspace", "satellite_mosaic", "mosaic");
coverage.Dimensions = new Dimensions
{
Dimension = new[]
{
new Dimension
{
Name = "TIME",
Enabled = true,
Presentation = "LIST",
DefaultValue = "CURRENT"
}
}
};
await coverageService.UpdateCoverageAsync("myWorkspace", "satellite_mosaic", "mosaic", coverage);
12.6 影像金字塔配置
12.6.1 配置金字塔级别
public class PyramidConfigurator
{
/// <summary>
/// 配置影像金字塔以优化性能
/// </summary>
public async Task ConfigurePyramidsAsync(
string workspaceName,
string storeName,
string coverageName)
{
var coverage = await _coverageService.GetCoverageAsync(
workspaceName, storeName, coverageName);
// 启用金字塔
coverage.OverviewPolicy = "QUALITY"; // or "SPEED", "NEAREST"
coverage.InterpolationMethods = new[]
{
"nearest neighbor",
"bilinear",
"bicubic"
};
await _coverageService.UpdateCoverageAsync(
workspaceName, storeName, coverageName, coverage);
Console.WriteLine("金字塔配置完成!");
}
}
12.7 栅格样式配置
12.7.1 配置颜色映射
// 为DEM配置颜色渐变样式
var sldContent = @"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<StyledLayerDescriptor version='1.0.0'>
<NamedLayer>
<Name>elevation</Name>
<UserStyle>
<Title>Elevation Style</Title>
<FeatureTypeStyle>
<Rule>
<RasterSymbolizer>
<ColorMap>
<ColorMapEntry color='#0000FF' quantity='0' label='Sea Level'/>
<ColorMapEntry color='#00FF00' quantity='100' label='100m'/>
<ColorMapEntry color='#FFFF00' quantity='500' label='500m'/>
<ColorMapEntry color='#FF0000' quantity='1000' label='1000m'/>
<ColorMapEntry color='#FFFFFF' quantity='2000' label='2000m+'/>
</ColorMap>
</RasterSymbolizer>
</Rule>
</FeatureTypeStyle>
</UserStyle>
</NamedLayer>
</StyledLayerDescriptor>";
var styleService = factory.CreateStyleService();
await styleService.CreateStyleAsync("elevation_colormap", sldContent);
// 应用样式到覆盖范围图层
var layerService = factory.CreateLayerService();
var layer = await layerService.GetLayerAsync("myWorkspace:elevation");
layer.DefaultStyle = new StyleReference { Name = "elevation_colormap" };
await layerService.UpdateLayerAsync("myWorkspace:elevation", layer);
12.8 性能优化
12.8.1 配置栅格读取参数
public class RasterPerformanceOptimizer
{
public async Task OptimizeCoveragePerformanceAsync(
string workspaceName,
string storeName,
string coverageName)
{
var coverage = await _coverageService.GetCoverageAsync(
workspaceName, storeName, coverageName);
// 配置缓存
coverage.CachingEnabled = true;
coverage.MaxCachedTiles = 10000;
// 配置瓦片大小
coverage.TileWidth = 512;
coverage.TileHeight = 512;
// 配置压缩
coverage.Compression = "JPEG";
coverage.CompressionQuality = 0.85;
// 配置内存限制
coverage.MaxInputMemory = 536870912; // 512MB
coverage.MaxOutputMemory = 536870912;
await _coverageService.UpdateCoverageAsync(
workspaceName, storeName, coverageName, coverage);
Console.WriteLine("性能优化配置完成!");
}
}
12.9 多波段影像处理
12.9.1 配置波段选择
// 为多光谱影像配置RGB合成
var coverage = await coverageService.GetCoverageAsync("myWorkspace", "multispectral", "image");
coverage.Bands = new Bands
{
Band = new[]
{
new Band { Index = 0, Name = "Red", SampleDimension = "Band 1" },
new Band { Index = 1, Name = "Green", SampleDimension = "Band 2" },
new Band { Index = 2, Name = "Blue", SampleDimension = "Band 3" },
new Band { Index = 3, Name = "NIR", SampleDimension = "Band 4" }
}
};
// 配置默认RGB显示
coverage.DefaultBands = new[] { 0, 1, 2 }; // R, G, B
await coverageService.UpdateCoverageAsync("myWorkspace", "multispectral", "image", coverage);
12.10 实战案例
12.10.1 发布卫星影像时间序列
public async Task PublishSatelliteTimeSeriesAsync()
{
// 1. 创建影像镶嵌存储
var mosaicStore = new CoverageStore
{
Name = "landsat_timeseries",
Type = "ImageMosaic",
Enabled = true,
URL = "file:///data/landsat"
};
await coverageStoreService.CreateCoverageStoreAsync("satellite", mosaicStore);
// 2. 配置覆盖范围
var coverage = new Coverage
{
Name = "landsat",
Title = "Landsat 时间序列",
Enabled = true,
SRS = "EPSG:4326"
};
await coverageService.CreateCoverageAsync("satellite", "landsat_timeseries", coverage);
// 3. 配置时间维度
coverage = await coverageService.GetCoverageAsync("satellite", "landsat_timeseries", "landsat");
coverage.Dimensions = new Dimensions
{
Dimension = new[]
{
new Dimension
{
Name = "TIME",
Enabled = true,
Presentation = "DISCRETE_INTERVAL",
DefaultValue = "CURRENT",
NearestMatchEnabled = true
}
}
};
await coverageService.UpdateCoverageAsync("satellite", "landsat_timeseries", "landsat", coverage);
Console.WriteLine("卫星影像时间序列发布成功!");
}
12.11 本章小结
本章学习了：
- 覆盖范围和栅格数据的概念
- CoverageStoreService 和 CoverageService 的使用
- GeoTIFF 和影像镶嵌的配置
- 影像金字塔和性能优化
- 栅格样式和颜色映射
- 多波段影像处理
- 时间序列影像发布实战
下一章将学习 GeoWebCache 集成与缓存管理。
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