markdown常用数学公式

常用数学公式示例

单行

$$ f(x)=x $$

\[f(x)=x \]

---

多行

$$ 
\sum_i^n + 
\sum_{i=0}^{n} 
$$

\[\sum_i^n + \sum_{i=0}^{n} \]

---

上标下标

$$ x^2 + x_i $$

\[x^2 + x_i \]

---

大括号

$$ \lbrace a+x \rbrace $$

\[\lbrace a+x \rbrace \]

---

分段函数

$$
f(x)=\begin{cases} 
		1, & x>0\\ 
		0, & x=0\\
		-1, & x<0
\end{cases}
$$

\[f(x)=\begin{cases} 1, & x>0\\ 0, & x=0\\ -1, & x<0 \end{cases} \]

---

尖括号

$$ \langle x \rangle $$

\[\langle x \rangle \]

---

上取整

$$ \lceil \frac{x}{2} \rceil $$

\[\lceil \frac{x}{2} \rceil \]

---

下取整

$$ \lfloor x \rfloor $

\[\lfloor x \rfloor \]

---

原始大括号

$$
    \lbrace  \sum_{i=0}^{n}i^{2}=\frac{2a}{x^2+1}   \rbrace
$$

\[ \lbrace \sum_{i=0}^{n}i^{2}=\frac{2a}{x^2+1} \rbrace \]

---

高度缩放大括号

$$  
\left\lbrace 
\sum_{i=0}^{n}i^{2}=\frac{2a}{x^2+1}                            
\right\rbrace 
$$

\[\left\lbrace \sum_{i=0}^{n}i^{2}=\frac{2a}{x^2+1} \right\rbrace \]

---

求积分

$$ \int_{1}^{\infty} $$

\[\int_{1}^{\infty} \]

---

其它符号

$$
\prod_{1}^{n} +
\bigcup_{1}^{n} +
\iint_{1}^{n}
$$

\[\prod_{1}^{n} + \bigcup_{1}^{n} + \iint_{1}^{n} \]

---

分号

$$
\frac ab + \frac{1}{2} + {a+1 \over b+1}
$$

\[\frac ab + \frac{1}{2} + {a+1 \over b+1} \]

---

根式

$$
\sqrt[x+1 ]{(x+1)^2}
$$

\[\sqrt[x+1 ]{(x+1)^2} \]

---

极限

$$ \lim_{x\to +\infty} $$

\[\lim_{x\to +\infty} \]

---

收敛

$$ x_n\stackrel{p}\longrightarrow0 $$

\[x_n\stackrel{p}\longrightarrow0 \]

---

向量

$$ \vec{a} + \overrightarrow{a} $$

\[\vec{a} + \overrightarrow{a} \]

---

hat

$$ \hat y=a\hat x+b $$

\[\hat y=a\hat x+b \]

---

转置符

$$ \mathtt{X}' $$

\[\mathtt{X}' \]

---

矩阵

$$
  \begin{matrix}
   1 & 2 & 3 \\
   4 & 5 & 6 \\
   7 & 8 & 9
  \end{matrix} \tag{1}
$$

$$
 \left\{
 \begin{matrix}
   1 & 2 & 3 \\
   4 & 5 & 6 \\
   7 & 8 & 9
  \end{matrix}
  \right\} \tag{2}
$$

$$
 \left[
 \begin{matrix}
   1 & 2 & 3 \\
   4 & 5 & 6 \\
   7 & 8 & 9
  \end{matrix}
  \right] \tag{3}
$$

$$
\left[
\begin{matrix}
 1      & 2      & \cdots & 4      \\
 7      & 6      & \cdots & 5      \\
 \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
 8      & 9      & \cdots & 0      \\
\end{matrix}
\right] \tag{4}
$$

$$ 
\left[
    \begin{array}{cc|c}
      1 & 2 & 3 \\
      4 & 5 & 6
    \end{array}
\right] \tag{5}
$$

\[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \tag{1} \]

\[ \left\{ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \right\} \tag{2} \]

\[ \left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \right] \tag{3} \]

\[\left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & \cdots & 4 \\ 7 & 6 & \cdots & 5 \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 8 & 9 & \cdots & 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right] \tag{4} \]

\[\left[ \begin{array}{cc|c} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{array} \right] \tag{5} \]

---

公式对齐

$$
\begin{aligned}
a &= b + c\\
  &= d + e + f
\end{aligned}
$$

\[\begin{aligned} a &= b + c\\ &= d + e + f \end{aligned} \]

---

求累乘

$$
  \prod_{{
  \begin{gathered}
            1\le i \le n\\
            1\le j \le m
  \end{gathered}
            }}
     M_{i,j}
$$

\[ \prod_{{ \begin{gathered} 1\le i \le n\\ 1\le j \le m \end{gathered} }} M_{i,j} \]

---

带方框的等式

$$
\begin{aligned}
 \boxed{x^2+y^2 = z^2}
\end{aligned}
$$

\[\begin{aligned} \boxed{x^2+y^2 = z^2} \end{aligned} \]

---

text文字表达

$$
z = \overbrace{
   \underbrace{x}_\text{real} + i
   \underbrace{y}_\text{imaginary}
  }^\text{complex number}
$$

\[z = \overbrace{ \underbrace{x}_\text{real} + i \underbrace{y}_\text{imaginary} }^\text{complex number} \]

---

其它常用符号

$$ 
\sum \\
\div \\
\cdot \\
\ast \\
\bigotimes \\
\bigoplus \\
\cdots \\
\lambda \\
\mu \\
\theta \\
\pi \\
\notin \\
\times
$$

\[\sum \\ \div \\ \cdot \\ \ast \\ \bigotimes \\ \bigoplus \\ \cdots \\ \lambda \\ \mu \\ \theta \\ \pi \\ \notin \\ \times \]

---

参考文章

• markdown数学公式（常用版介绍）
• Markdown中数学公式及符号整理