Prometheus监控k8s(12)-PrometheusOperator服务自动发现-监控redis样例

PrometheusOperator服务自动发现-监控redis样例

https://www.qikqiak.com/k8s-book/docs/60.Prometheus%20Operator%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%A7%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE.html

如果在我们的 Kubernetes 集群中有了很多的 Service/Pod，那么我们都需要一个一个的去建立一个对应的 ServiceMonitor 对象来进行监控吗？这样岂不是又变得麻烦起来了？

为解决上面的问题，Prometheus Operator 为我们提供了一个额外的抓取配置的来解决这个问题，我们可以通过添加额外的配置来进行服务发现进行自动监控。和前面自定义的方式一样，我们想要在 Prometheus Operator 当中去自动发现并监控具有prometheus.io/scrape=true这个 annotations 的 Service，之前我们定义的 Prometheus 的配置如下：

- job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: endpoints
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
    action: replace
    target_label: __scheme__
    regex: (https?)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    target_label: __address__
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_name

建议去查看下前面关于 Kubernetes常用资源对象监控章节的介绍，要想自动发现集群中的 Service，就需要我们在 Service 的annotation区域添加prometheus.io/scrape=true的声明，将上面文件直接保存为 prometheus-additional.yaml，然后通过这个文件创建一个对应的 Secret 对象：

参考

Prometheus监控k8s(4)-grafana监控k8s集群/node/资源对象

Prometheus监控k8s(8)-prometheus配置pod和svc的自动发现和监控

[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl create secret generic additional-configs --from-file=prometheus-additional.yaml -n monitoring
secret/additional-configs created
[root@k8s-master manifests]#

注意我们所有的操作都在 Prometheus Operator 源码contrib/kube-prometheus/manifests/目录下面。

创建完成后，会将上面配置信息进行 base64 编码后作为 prometheus-additional.yaml 这个 key 对应的值存在：

[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl get secret additional-configs -n monitoring -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: LSBqb2JfbmFtZTogJ2t1YmVybmV0ZXMtc2VydmljZS1lbmRwb2ludHMnCiAga3ViZXJuZXRlc19zZF9jb25maWdzOgogIC0gcm9sZTogZW5kcG9pbnRzCiAgcmVsYWJlbF9jb25maWdzOgogIC0gc291cmNlX2xhYmVsczogW19fbWV0YV9rdWJlcm5ldGVzX3NlcnZpY2VfYW5ub3RhdGlvbl9wcm9tZXRoZXVzX2lvX3NjcmFwZV0KICAgIGFjdGlvbjoga2VlcAogICAgcmVnZXg6IHRydWUKICAtIHNvdXJjZV9sYWJlbHM6IFtfX21ldGFfa3ViZXJuZXRlc19zZXJ2aWNlX2Fubm90YXRpb25fcHJvbWV0aGV1c19pb19zY2hlbWVdCiAgICBhY3Rpb246IHJlcGxhY2UKICAgIHRhcmdldF9sYWJlbDogX19zY2hlbWVfXwogICAgcmVnZXg6IChodHRwcz8pCiAgLSBzb3VyY2VfbGFiZWxzOiBbX19tZXRhX2t1YmVybmV0ZXNfc2VydmljZV9hbm5vdGF0aW9uX3Byb21ldGhldXNfaW9fcGF0aF0KICAgIGFjdGlvbjogcmVwbGFjZQogICAgdGFyZ2V0X2xhYmVsOiBfX21ldHJpY3NfcGF0aF9fCiAgICByZWdleDogKC4rKQogIC0gc291cmNlX2xhYmVsczogW19fYWRkcmVzc19fLCBfX21ldGFfa3ViZXJuZXRlc19zZXJ2aWNlX2Fubm90YXRpb25fcHJvbWV0aGV1c19pb19wb3J0XQogICAgYWN0aW9uOiByZXBsYWNlCiAgICB0YXJnZXRfbGFiZWw6IF9fYWRkcmVzc19fCiAgICByZWdleDogKFteOl0rKSg/OjpcZCspPzsoXGQrKQogICAgcmVwbGFjZW1lbnQ6ICQxOiQyCiAgLSBhY3Rpb246IGxhYmVsbWFwCiAgICByZWdleDogX19tZXRhX2t1YmVybmV0ZXNfc2VydmljZV9sYWJlbF8oLispCiAgLSBzb3VyY2VfbGFiZWxzOiBbX19tZXRhX2t1YmVybmV0ZXNfbmFtZXNwYWNlXQogICAgYWN0aW9uOiByZXBsYWNlCiAgICB0YXJnZXRfbGFiZWw6IGt1YmVybmV0ZXNfbmFtZXNwYWNlCiAgLSBzb3VyY2VfbGFiZWxzOiBbX19tZXRhX2t1YmVybmV0ZXNfc2VydmljZV9uYW1lXQogICAgYWN0aW9uOiByZXBsYWNlCiAgICB0YXJnZXRfbGFiZWw6IGt1YmVybmV0ZXNfbmFtZQo=
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2019-10-08T06:00:33Z"
  name: additional-configs
  namespace: monitoring
  resourceVersion: "5474824"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/monitoring/secrets/additional-configs
  uid: 26518a5a-e10a-4f6b-8f7c-ccab1f53d8c5
type: Opaque
[root@k8s-master manifests]#

然后我们只需要在声明 prometheus 的资源对象文件中添加上这个额外的配置：(prometheus-prometheus.yaml)

[root@k8s-master manifests]# cat prometheus-prometheus.yaml
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: Prometheus
metadata:
  labels:
    prometheus: k8s
  name: k8s
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  alerting:
    alertmanagers:
    - name: alertmanager-main
      namespace: monitoring
      port: web
  baseImage: quay.io/prometheus/prometheus
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: linux
  podMonitorSelector: {}
  replicas: 2
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: 400Mi
  ruleSelector:
    matchLabels:
      prometheus: k8s
      role: alert-rules
  securityContext:
    fsGroup: 2000
    runAsNonRoot: true
    runAsUser: 1000
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    name: additional-configs
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
  serviceAccountName: prometheus-k8s
  serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector: {}
  serviceMonitorSelector: {}
  version: v2.11.0

添加完成后，直接更新 prometheus 这个 CRD 资源对象：

[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl apply -f prometheus-prometheus.yaml
prometheus.monitoring.coreos.com/k8s configured

隔一小会儿，可以前往 Prometheus 的 Dashboard 中查看配置是否生效：

在 Prometheus Dashboard 的配置页面下面我们可以看到已经有了对应的的配置信息了，但是我们切换到 targets 页面下面却并没有发现对应的监控任务，查看 Prometheus 的 Pod 日志：

#kubectl logs -f prometheus-k8s-0 prometheus -n monitoring
level=error ts=2019-10-08T06:05:56.184Z caller=klog.go:94 component=k8s_client_runtime func=ErrorDepth msg="/app/discovery/kubernetes/kubernetes.go:264: Failed to list *v1.Service: services is forbidden: User \"system:serviceaccount:monitoring:prometheus-k8s\" cannot list resource \"services\" in API group \"\" at the cluster scope"
level=error ts=2019-10-08T06:05:56.185Z caller=klog.go:94 component=k8s_client_runtime func=ErrorDepth msg="/app/discovery/kubernetes/kubernetes.go:265: Failed to list *v1.Pod: pods is forbidden: User \"system:serviceaccount:monitoring:prometheus-k8s\" cannot list resource \"pods\" in API group \"\" at the cluster scope"

可以看到有很多错误日志出现，都是xxx is forbidden，这说明是 RBAC 权限的问题，通过 prometheus 资源对象的配置可以知道 Prometheus 绑定了一个名为 prometheus-k8s 的 ServiceAccount 对象，而这个对象绑定的是一个名为 prometheus-k8s 的 ClusterRole：（prometheus-clusterRole.yaml）

[root@k8s-master manifests]# cat prometheus-clusterRole.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus-k8s
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/metrics
  verbs:
  - get
- nonResourceURLs:
  - /metrics
  verbs:
  - get

上面的权限规则中我们可以看到明显没有对 Service 或者 Pod 的 list 权限，所以报错了，要解决这个问题，我们只需要添加上需要的权限即可：

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus-k8s
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  - nodes/proxy
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - configmaps
  - nodes/metrics
  verbs:
  - get
- nonResourceURLs:
  - /metrics
  verbs:
  - get

[root@k8s-master manifests]# vim  prometheus-clusterRole.yaml
[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl apply -f   prometheus-clusterRole.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s configured
[root@k8s-master manifests]#

更新上面的 ClusterRole 这个资源对象，等一会，如果5分钟不出现重建下 Prometheus 的所有 Pod，正常就可以看到 targets 页面下面有 kubernetes-service-endpoints 这个监控任务了：

我们对grafana的service进行修改

[root@k8s-master manifests]# cat grafana-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    prometheus.io/port: "3000"
  labels:
    app: grafana
  name: grafana
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 3000
    targetPort: http
  selector:
    app: grafana

我们这里新建一个redis服务再通过redis-expoter去采集

[root@k8s-master manifests]# cat redis-prom.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
#      annotations:
#        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
#        prometheus.io/port: "9121"
      labels:
        app: redis
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: redis:4
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 6379
      - name: redis-exporter
        image: oliver006/redis_exporter:latest
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9121
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    prometheus.io/port: "9121"
  name: redis
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  selector:
    app: redis
  ports:
  - name: redis
    port: 6379
    targetPort: 6379
  - name: redis-exporter
    port: 9121
    targetPort: 9121
[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl get pods,svc -n monitoring | grep redis

pod/redis-69987696df-z28pn                2/2     Running   0          6m30s
service/redis                   ClusterIP   10.96.30.29      <none>        6379/TCP,9121/TCP            6m11s

确认redis-exporter能连接redis

[root@k8s-master manifests]# curl 10.96.30.29:9121/metrics|grep "redis_up 1"
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 16934    0 16934    0     0  1877k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 2067k
redis_up 1
[root@k8s-master manifests]#

我们可以通过 9121 端口来校验是否能够采集到数据：

[root@k8s-master manifests]# curl 10.96.30.29:9121/metrics
# HELP go_gc_duration_seconds A summary of the GC invocation durations.
# TYPE go_gc_duration_seconds summary
go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0"} 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.25"} 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.5"} 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.75"} 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="1"} 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds_sum 5.2366e-05
go_gc_duration_seconds_count 1
# HELP go_goroutines Number of goroutines that currently exist.
# TYPE go_goroutines gauge
go_goroutines 6
# HELP go_info Information about the Go environment.
# TYPE go_info gauge
go_info{version="go1.13.1"} 1

posted on 2019-10-11 17:12 光阴8023 阅读(4054) 评论(3) 编辑收藏举报