typescript 快速入门

1、基本类型 string、number、boolean

let isDone: boolean = false;
isDone = true;
let u:undefined = undefined;
let n:null = null;

2、数组/元组

let student:Array<string> = ['tom','lily'];
let student2:string[] = ['tom','lily'];

let tuple1:[string,number] = ['time',22];

3、any

let obj:any = 'www';//123 
obj.name = 123;

4、interface 接口（对象模板）

interface IStudent {
    name:string;
    readonly age:number;
    jump?:()=>void;
}
const tom:IStudent = {
    name:'tom',
    age:22,
    // jump() {
        
    // },
}

5、函数

function add(x:number,y:number):number{
    return x+y
}

6、泛型

function echo<T>(x:T[]){
    return x;
}
const result = echo(['lily'])

7、Enum 枚举

enum color{
    red,
    green,
    blue
}
let r = color[0]
console.log('r:',r)

8、联合类型

type StringOrNumber = string | number;
let studentId:StringOrNumber = '0'; //0

9、type aliase (类型别名)

let sum:(x:number,y:number) => number;
// const results = sum(1,2)

type PlusType = (x:number,y:number) => number;

let doSum:PlusType = (x,y)=>{
    return x+y
}

let nickname:'tom' = 'tom'

type Directions = 'Up' | 'Down' | 'Left' | 'Right';
 let toWhere:Directions = 'Up'

 interface Iperson{
    name:string;
 }

 type PersonType = Iperson & { age:number}

 let stu1:PersonType = {
    name:'dd',
    age:32
 }

// axios.post('url',{name:'vicky'})
import calculator from './calculator'
// calculator('plus',[2,3])
calculator.plus([1,2]);

10、utility type

let vicky:PersonType = { name:'vicky', age:18 }
type Ipartial = Partial<PersonType>
let tom2:Ipartial = {name:'tom'}
type IOmit = Omit<PersonType,'name'>
let lily:IOmit = {age:22}

11、calculator（calculator.d.ts）

type IOperator = 'plus' | 'minus'
// type ICaculator = (operator:IOperator, numbers:number[]) => number
interface ICaculator {
    (operator:IOperator,numbers:number[]):number;
    plus:(numbers:number[]) => number;
    minus:(numbers:number[]) => number;
}
declare const calculator:ICaculator
export default calculator