例题编写
例9.1程序
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int main() { struct student { long int num; char name[20]; char sex; char addr[20]; } a={1,"sun",'m',"123 beijing road"}; printf("NO.:%ld\n name:%s\n sex:%c\n addr:%s\n",a.num,a.name,a.sex,a.addr); return 0; }
运行结果
NO.:1 name:sun sex:m addr:123 beijing road -------------------------------- Process exited after 0.006787 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.2
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int main() { struct student { long int num; char name[20]; float score; }student1,student2; scanf("%d %s %f",&student1.num,student1.name,&student1.score); scanf("%d %s %f",&student2.num,student2.name,&student2.score); printf("The higher score is:\n"); if(student1.score>student2.score) printf("%d %s %6.2f\n",student1.num,student1.name,student1.score); else if(student1.score<student2.score) printf("%d %s %6.2f\n",student2.num,student2.name,student2.score); else{ printf("%d %s %6.2f\n",student1.num,student1.name,student1.score); printf("%d %s %6.2f\n",student2.num,student2.name,student2.score); } return 0; }
运行结果：
1 孙 89 2 刘 90 The higher score is: 2 刘 90.00 -------------------------------- Process exited after 78.92 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.3：
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> struct person { char name[20]; int count; }leader[3]={"li",0,"sun",0,"zhang",0}; int main() {int i,j; char leader_name[20]; for(i=0;i<=10;i++) { scanf ("%s",leader_name); for(j=0;j<3;j++) if(strcmp(leader_name,leader[j].name)==0) leader[j].count++; } printf("\n Result:\n"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) printf("%5s:%d\n",leader[i].name,leader[i].count); return 0; }
运行结果：
sun li liu sun li li liu sun li lisun li Result: li:5 sun:3 zhang:0 -------------------------------- Process exited after 2.568 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.4：
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> struct student { int num; char name[20]; float score; }; int main() {struct student stu[5]={{1,"zhang",69},{2,"sun",35},{3,"liu",56},{4,"dai",78},{5,"ham",67}}; struct student temp; const int n=5; int i,j,k; printf("The order is:\n"); for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) {k=i; for(j=i+1;j<n;j++) if(stu[j].score>stu[k].score) k=j; temp=stu[k];stu[k]=stu[i];stu[i]=temp; } for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) printf("%6d %8s %6.2f\n",stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].score); printf("\n"); return 0; }
运行结果：
The order is: 4 dai 78.00 1 zhang 69.00 5 ham 67.00 3 liu 56.00 -------------------------------- Process exited after 0.01745 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.5：
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> int main() { struct student { long num; char name[20]; char sex; float score; }; struct student stu_1; struct student *p; p=&stu_1; stu_1.num=10101; strcpy (stu_1.name,"liuxin"); stu_1.sex='m'; stu_1.score=89.5; printf("NO.:%ld\n name:%s\n sex:%c\n score:%5.1f\n",stu_1.num,stu_1.name,stu_1.sex,stu_1.score); printf("NO.:%ld\n name:%s\n sex:%c\n score:%5.1f\n",(*p).num,(*p).name,(*p).sex,(*p).score); return 0; }
运行结果;
NO.:10101 name:liuxin sex:m score: 89.5 NO.:10101 name:liuxin sex:m score: 89.5 -------------------------------- Process exited after 0.06837 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.6：
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> struct student { long num; char name[20]; char sex; int age; }; struct student stu[3]={{1,"zhang",'m',17},{2,"sun",'m',17},{3,"liu",'m',18}}; int main() { struct student *p; printf("NO. Name sex age\n"); for (p=stu;p<stu+3;p++) printf("%5d %-20s %2c %4d\n",p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->age); return 0; }
NO. Name sex age 1 zhang m 17 2 sun m 17 3 liu m 18 -------------------------------- Process exited after 0.00648 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
例9.7；
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define N 3 struct student { int num; char name[20]; float score[3]; float aver; }; int main() { void input(struct student stu[] ); struct student max(struct student stu[]); void print(struct student stu); struct student stu[N],*p=stu; input(p); print(max(p)); return 0; } void input( struct student stu[]) {int i; printf("请输出各学生的信息：学号、姓名、三门课成绩：\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) { scanf("%d %s%f%f%f",&stu[i].num,stu[i].name,&stu[i].score[0],&stu[i].score[1],&stu[i].score[2]); stu[i].aver=(stu[i].score[0]+stu[i].score[1]+stu[i].score[2])/3.0; } } struct student max( struct student stu[] ) { int i,m=0; for(i=0;i<N;i++) if(stu[i].aver>stu[m].aver) m=i; return stu[m]; } void print(struct student stud) {printf("\n成绩最高的学生是:\n"); printf("学号：%d\n姓名:%d\n三门课成绩:%5.1f,%5.1f,%5.1f\n平均成绩:%6.2f\n",stud.num,stud.name,stud.score[0],stud.score[1],stud.score[2],stud.aver); }
运行结果；
请输出各学生的信息：学号、姓名、三门课成绩： 10101 li 78 89 98 10103 wang 98.5 87 69 10106 sun 88 76.5 89 成绩最高的学生是: 学号：10101 姓名:10485108 三门课成绩: 78.0, 89.0, 98.0 平均成绩: 88.33 -------------------------------- Process exited after 99.13 seconds with return value 0 请按任意键继续. . .
总结：经过这次例题抄写，我意识到指针这块的知识很明确。理解一个就可以举一反三。主要是结构体这块知识很杂。但是这次作业真的让我有很大提升。
