实验五

实验任务1:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 void input(int x[], int n);
 4 void output(int x[], int n);
 5 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int* pmin, int* pmax);
 6 int main() {
 7     int a[N];
 8     int min, max;
 9     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
10     input(a, N);
11     printf("数据是: \n");
12     output(a, N); 
13     printf("数据处理...\n");
14     find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);
15     printf("输出结果:\n");
16     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);
17     return 0;
18 }
19 void input(int x[], int n) {
20     int i;
21     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
22         scanf_s("%d", &x[i]);
23 }
24 void output(int x[], int n) {
25     int i;
26 
27     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
28         printf("%d ", x[i]);
29     printf("\n");
30 }
31 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int* pmin, int* pmax) {
32     int i;
33 
34     *pmin = *pmax = x[0];
35     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
36         if (x[i] < *pmin)
37             *pmin = x[i];
38         else if (x[i] > *pmax)
39             *pmax = x[i];
40 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

联想截图_20260602201940

3.问题回答:

(1)功能是找到这组数据中的最大数和最小数

(2)指向数组中第一个数地址

 

实验任务1.1:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 void input(int x[], int n);
 4 void output(int x[], int n);
 5 int* find_max(int x[], int n);
 6 int main() {
 7     int a[N];
 8     int* pmax;
 9     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
10     input(a, N);
11     printf("数据是: \n");
12     output(a, N);
13     printf("数据处理...\n");
14     pmax = find_max(a, N);
15     printf("输出结果:\n");
16     printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);
17     return 0;
18 }
19 void input(int x[], int n) {
20     int i;
21     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
22         scanf_s("%d", &x[i]);
23 }
24 void output(int x[], int n) {
25     int i;
26 
27     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
28         printf("%d ", x[i]);
29     printf("\n");
30 }
31 int* find_max(int x[], int n) {
32     int max_index = 0;
33     int i;
34     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
35         if (x[i] > x[max_index])
36             max_index = i;
37 
38     return &x[max_index];
39 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

2

3.问题回答:

(1)功能是找到录入数据中的最大值,返回找到最大数的地址

(2)可以实现

 

实验任务2.1

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 int main() {
 5     char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
 6     char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 7     char tmp[N];
 8     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
 9     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
10     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
11     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
12     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
13     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
14     printf("\nswapping...\n");
15     strcpy(tmp, s1);
16     strcpy(s1, s2);
17     strcpy(s2, tmp);
18     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
19     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
20     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
21     return 0;
22 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

2.1

3.问题回答:

(1)80字节;数组总字节数(含\0);有效字符长度(不含\0)

(2)不能;因为数组名是地址,不能被赋值

(3)交换

 

实验任务2.2

1.源代码

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 int main() {
 5     const char* s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
 6     const char* s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 7     const char* tmp;
 8     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
 9     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
10     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
11     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
12     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
13     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
14     printf("\nswapping...\n");
15     tmp = s1;
16     s1 = s2;
17     s2 = tmp;
18     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
19     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
20     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
21     return 0;
22 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

2.2

3.问题回答:

(1)存放字符串常量地址;s1指针大小;s1有效字符数

(2)可以;2.1是将字符串赋值给数组;2.2是将字符串赋值给指针地址

(3)交换了指针s1 s2 指向;没有交换

 

实验任务3:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 int main() {
 3     int x[2][4] = { {1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9} };
 4     int i, j;
 5     int* ptr1; 
 6     int(*ptr2)[4]; 
 7     printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
 8     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
 9         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
10             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
11         printf("\n");
12     }
13     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)访问\n");
14     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
15         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
16         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
17             printf("\n");
18     }
19 
20     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)访问\n");
21     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
22         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
23             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
24         printf("\n");
25     }
26     return 0;
27 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

3

3. 问题回答:

(1)int (*ptr)[4]; 中,标识符ptr表示的语义是指向包含四个int元素的一维数组

(2)int *ptr[4];中,标识符ptr表示的语义是存放4个int的指针数组

 

实验任务4:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char); // 函数声明
 4 int main() {
 5     char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";
 6     printf("原始文本: \n");
 7     printf("%s\n", text);
 8     replace(text, 'i', '*'); // 函数调用 注意字符形参写法,单引号不能少
 9     printf("处理后文本: \n");
10     printf("%s\n", text);
11     return 0;
12 }
13 // 函数定义
14 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char) {
15     int i;
16     while(*str) {
17         if(*str == old_char)
18             *str = new_char;
19         str++;
20     }
21 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

4

3.问题回答:

(1)作用是将文本中的i换成*

(2)可以

 

实验任务5:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 char* str_trunc(char* str, char x);
 4 int main() {
 5     char str[N];
 6     char ch;
 7     while (printf("输入字符串: "), gets_s(str) != NULL) {
 8         printf("输入一个字符: ");
 9         ch = getchar();
10         printf("截断处理...\n");
11         str_trunc(str, ch);
12         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
13         getchar();
14     }
15     return 0;
16 }
17 char* str_trunc(char* str, char x)
18 {
19     char* p = str;
20     while (*p != '\0')
21     {
22         if (*p == x)
23         {
24             *p = '\0';
25             break;
26         }
27         p++;
28     }
29     return str;
30 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

5

3.问题回答:

作用是吸收输入字符后遗留的换行符,避免其干扰下一次输入,删除后会导致程序自动读取换行符、跳过字符输入步骤

 

实验任务6:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 int check_id(const char* str); 
 5 int main()
 6 {
 7     const char* pid[N] = { "31010120000721656X",
 8     "3301061996X0203301",
 9     "53010220051126571",
10     "510104199211197977",
11     "53010220051126133Y" };
12     int i;
13     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
14         if (check_id(pid[i])) 
15             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
16         else
17             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
18     return 0;
19 }
20 int check_id(const char* str)
21 {
22     int len = strlen(str);
23     if (len != 18)
24         return 0;
25     for (int i = 0; i < 17; i++)
26     {
27         if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9')
28             return 0;
29     }
30     if ((str[17] >= '0' && str[17] <= '9') || str[17] == 'X')
31         return 1;
32     return 0;
33 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

6

 

实验任务7:

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void encoder(char* str, int n); 
 4 void decoder(char* str, int n); 
 5 int main() {
 6     char words[N];
 7     int n;
 8     printf("输入英文文本: ");
 9     gets_s(words);
10     printf("输入n: ");
11     scanf_s("%d", &n);
12     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
13     encoder(words, n); 
14     printf("%s\n", words);
15     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
16     decoder(words, n); 
17     printf("%s\n", words);
18     return 0;
19 }
20 void encoder(char* str, int n) {
21     while (*str != '\0')
22     {
23         if (*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z')
24         {
25             *str = (*str - 'a' + n) % 26 + 'a';
26         }
27         else if (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z')
28         {
29             *str = (*str - 'A' + n) % 26 + 'A';
30         }
31         str++;
32     }
33 }
34 
35 void decoder(char* str, int n) {
36     while (*str != '\0')
37     {
38         if (*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z')
39         {
40             *str = (*str - 'a' - n + 26) % 26 + 'a';
41         }
42         else if (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z')
43         {
44             *str = (*str - 'A' - n + 26) % 26 + 'A';
45         }
46         str++;
47     }
48 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

7

 

实验任务8

1.源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 
 4 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 5 {
 6     int i, j;
 7     char* t;
 8     for (i = 1; i < argc - 1; i++)
 9     {
10         for (j = 1; j < argc - i; j++)
11         {
12             if (strcmp(argv[j], argv[j + 1]) > 0)
13             {
14                 t = argv[j];
15                 argv[j] = argv[j + 1];
16                 argv[j + 1] = t;
17             }
18         }
19     }
20     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
21     {
22         printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);
23     }
24     return 0;
25 }
View Code

2.运行效果截图:

8

 

 
 
posted @ 2026-06-02 23:34    阅读(14)  评论(0)    收藏  举报