ESP32 NVS存储读写实验

实验概要

这个例子演示了如何使用NVS读取和写入一个整数值。

在本例中，保存的值保存了重启ESP32模块的次数。因为它被写入NVS，所以在重启之间会保留该值。

示例还显示了如何检查读写操作是否成功，或者某些值在NVS中没有初始化。诊断以纯文本形式提供，以帮助跟踪程序流程并捕获途中的任何问题。

有关NVS的API的细节在documentation中有被提及.

查看另一个示例storage/nvs_rw_blob，它展示了如何读写可变长度的二进制数据(blob)。

实验注意事项

硬件需求

本实验对硬件上没有什么特殊的要求，可以被运行在任何开发板上。

编译和烧录

idf.py build flash monitor

实验代码解析

代码理解起来还是比较容易的，注意修改操作进行后，还有一个commit确认操作。

/* Non-Volatile Storage (NVS) Read and Write a Value - Example

   For other examples please check:
   https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/tree/master/examples

   This example code is in the Public Domain (or CC0 licensed, at your option.)

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this
   software is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
   CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"
#include "nvs.h"

void app_main(void)
{
    // Initialize NVS
    esp_err_t err = nvs_flash_init();
    if (err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NO_FREE_PAGES || err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NEW_VERSION_FOUND) {
        // NVS partition was truncated and needs to be erased
        // Retry nvs_flash_init
        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_flash_erase());
        err = nvs_flash_init();
    }
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK( err );

    // Open
    printf("\n");
    printf("Opening Non-Volatile Storage (NVS) handle... ");
    nvs_handle_t my_handle;
    err = nvs_open("storage", NVS_READWRITE, &my_handle);
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        printf("Error (%s) opening NVS handle!\n", esp_err_to_name(err));
    } else {
        printf("Done\n");

        // Read
        printf("Reading restart counter from NVS ... ");
        int32_t restart_counter = 0; // value will default to 0, if not set yet in NVS
        err = nvs_get_i32(my_handle, "restart_counter", &restart_counter);
        switch (err) {
            case ESP_OK:
                printf("Done\n");
                printf("Restart counter = %d\n", restart_counter);
                break;
            case ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND:
                printf("The value is not initialized yet!\n");
                break;
            default :
                printf("Error (%s) reading!\n", esp_err_to_name(err));
        }

        // Write
        printf("Updating restart counter in NVS ... ");
        restart_counter++;
        err = nvs_set_i32(my_handle, "restart_counter", restart_counter);
        printf((err != ESP_OK) ? "Failed!\n" : "Done\n");

        // Commit written value.
        // After setting any values, nvs_commit() must be called to ensure changes are written
        // to flash storage. Implementations may write to storage at other times,
        // but this is not guaranteed.
        printf("Committing updates in NVS ... ");
        err = nvs_commit(my_handle);
        printf((err != ESP_OK) ? "Failed!\n" : "Done\n");

        // Close
        nvs_close(my_handle);
    }

    printf("\n");

    // Restart module
    for (int i = 10; i >= 0; i--) {
        printf("Restarting in %d seconds...\n", i);
        vTaskDelay(1000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
    }
    printf("Restarting now.\n");
    fflush(stdout);
    esp_restart();
}

实验输出

第一次运行：

Opening Non-Volatile Storage (NVS) handle... Done
Reading restart counter from NVS ... The value is not initialized yet!
Updating restart counter in NVS ... Done
Committing updates in NVS ... Done

Restarting in 10 seconds...
Restarting in 9 seconds...
Restarting in 8 seconds...
Restarting in 7 seconds...
Restarting in 6 seconds...
Restarting in 5 seconds...
Restarting in 4 seconds...
Restarting in 3 seconds...
Restarting in 2 seconds...
Restarting in 1 seconds...
Restarting in 0 seconds...
Restarting now.

第二次运行：

Opening Non-Volatile Storage (NVS) handle... Done
Reading restart counter from NVS ... Done
Restart counter = 1
Updating restart counter in NVS ... Done
Committing updates in NVS ... Done

Restarting in 10 seconds...
Restarting in 9 seconds...
Restarting in 8 seconds...
Restarting in 7 seconds...
Restarting in 6 seconds...
Restarting in 5 seconds...
Restarting in 4 seconds...
Restarting in 3 seconds...
Restarting in 2 seconds...
Restarting in 1 seconds...
Restarting in 0 seconds...
Restarting now.

每次运行时，重新启动计数器将递增。

要重置计数器，请使用' idf.py erase-flash '擦除闪存中的内容，然后按照上面的描述再次上传程序。