• 分位数有种积分(累积)的含义在。
  • 分位数(即将数据由低至高排列,小于该数的数据占总体的比例达到时最终落到的数):
    • 10%:3000元
    • 20%:5200元
    • 50%:20000元
    • 80%:41500元
    • 90%:50000元

1. 分位数定义

分位数还是序列中的数,只不过序列要首先进行排序;

quantile initially assigns the sorted values in X to the (0.5/n), (1.5/n), …, ([n – 0.5]/n) quantiles. For example:

((1:n)-.5)/n

n 表示序列的长度;

  • For a data vector of six elements such as {6, 3, 2, 10, 8, 1}, the sorted elements {1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10} (先排序)respectively correspond to the (0.5/6), (1.5/6), (2.5/6), (3.5/6), (4.5/6), and (5.5/6) quantiles.
  • For a data vector of five elements such as {2, 10, 5, 9, 13}, the sorted elements {2, 5, 9, 10, 13} respectively correspond to the 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 quantiles.

2. 自定义函数

function val = SpecialPercentile(arr, pct)

    len = length(arr);
    ind = floor(pct/100*len);                   % floor 取整,因为该数要作为索引
    newarr = sort(arr);                         % 排序,渐增排序;
    val = newarr(ind);

end

3. matlab 内置函数

Y = prctile(X,p)
rng('default'); % for reproducibility
x = normrnd(5,2,1,10)
x =
     6.0753    8.6678    0.4823    6.7243    5.6375    2.3846    4.1328   5.6852   12.1568   10.5389
Y = prctile(x,42)
Y =
    5.6709
posted on 2017-03-03 11:06  未雨愁眸  阅读(644)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报