STM32G431+Segger embos: 检测CPU使用率

 

SEGGER的实时操作系统（RTOS）embOS  已经集成到适用于基于Arm Cortex-M的MCU的STM32Cube扩展包中。

极大的方便用户评估embOS的性能及特性。

下面我将使用STM32CUBEMXIDE 配置embos。

MCU: STM32G431RBT6

IDE : STM32CUBEMXIDE  Version: 1.19.0

G4CubePack : 

 

 embOS Pack:

 首先需要安装G4CubePack 和  embOS Pack。

打开配置界面，进行基本的SYS,RCC等配置

1. SYS中选用TIM6作为HAL库的时间基，因为Systick将用于embOS, 采用2线Debug。

 2.根据硬件实际的晶振配置：外部晶振16Mhz

 

 3.使能RTOS embOS,使用默认配置参数。

这里我配置task和software timer后发现STM32CUBEMX 无法自动生成相关代码。不过无所谓，可以自己使用RTOS原生态接口去自己写代码。

可以参考embOS用户手册：https://www.segger.cn/downloads/embos/UM01001

 

 4. NVIC 

 5. Clock 配置

 

6 生成代码，然后添加Segger RTT相关文件

 7.配置debuger : JLINK

 

我在代码将使用RTT打印log, 先创建Task0,这个任务的主要是用来监控CPU使用率。

在Task0中创建Task1,Task1使用HAL_Delay模拟耗时操作,观察CPU使用率的变化。

 

main.h

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.h
  * @brief          : Header for main.c file.
  *                   This file contains the common defines of the application.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __MAIN_H
#define __MAIN_H

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm32g4xx_hal.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
#include "SEGGER_RTT.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN ET */

/* USER CODE END ET */

/* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EC */

/* USER CODE END EC */

/* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EM */

/* USER CODE END EM */

/* Exported functions prototypes ---------------------------------------------*/
void Error_Handler(void);

/* USER CODE BEGIN EFP */

/* USER CODE END EFP */

/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */

/* USER CODE END Private defines */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __MAIN_H */

main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Scheduler includes. */
#include "RTOS.h"

#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
volatile uint32_t cpuLoad = 0;
static OS_STACKPTR int MeasureStack[256];
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#ifdef __GNUC__
/* With GCC, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
   set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#endif /* __GNUC__ */

/**
  * @brief  Retargets the C library printf function to the RTT.
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
  /* Place your implementation of fputc here */
  /* e.g. write a character to the RTT and Loop until the end of transmission */
#if defined(USE_ST_LINK)
    ITM_SendChar(ch);                //ST-LINK
#else
    SEGGER_RTT_PutChar(0,ch);        //JLINK

#endif
    return ch;
}

void  Debug_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
#define DEBUG_ON  1
#if(DEBUG_ON == 1)
    char  buf_str[256];
    va_list   v_args;

    va_start(v_args, format);

   (void)vsnprintf((char       *)&buf_str[0],
                   (size_t      ) sizeof(buf_str),
                   (char const *) format,
                                  v_args);
    va_end(v_args);

    printf("%s", buf_str);
#endif
}



static OS_TASK         TaskCB0;                  // Control block for Task0
static OS_STACKPTR int Stack0[256];              // Stack for Task0

static OS_TASK         TaskCB1;                  // Control block for Task1
static OS_STACKPTR int Stack1[256];              // Stack for Task1

static void Task0(void);
static void Task1(void);
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  SEGGER_RTT_Init();
  SEGGER_RTT_printf(0, "Hello world!\r\n");
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Initialize the embOS kernel and configure the hardware parameters for embOS */
  OS_Init();
  OS_InitHW();

  OS_TASK_Create(&TaskCB0, "Task0", 100, Task0, Stack0, sizeof(Stack0), 2);  // Create Task0


  /* Start embOS */
  OS_Start();

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */


  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1_BOOST);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 85;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
  * @brief Function implementing Task0.
  * @retval None
  */
void Task0(void) {

 /**************cpu load measurement**************************************/
  OS_I32 DefaultMax;
  OS_TASK_Delay(500);
  DefaultMax = OS_IdleCnt; /* This value can be used as DefaultMaxValue. */
  /* Now other tasks can be created and started. */
  OS_STAT_AddLoadMeasurementEx(500, 0, DefaultMax, MeasureStack, 256);
  /**************cpu load measurement**************************************/

  OS_TASK_Create(&TaskCB1, "Task1", 100, Task1, Stack1, sizeof(Stack1), 2);  // Create Task1

  while (1) {
    //
    // Application code
    //
      cpuLoad = OS_STAT_GetLoadMeasurement();
      Debug_Printf("Task0 monitor CPU usage: %d%%\n", cpuLoad);
      /* The global variable OS_IdleCnt is implemented as a 32-bit signed integer value. embOS
       * internally calculates the delta between two OS_IdleCnt values. The delta must not exceed 0x7FFFFFFF.
       * If your CPU increments OS_IdleCnt too fast, you might need to choose a shorter time period
       */
      OS_TASK_Delay(500u);
  }
}
/* USER CODE END Task0 */

/* USER CODE BEGIN Task1 */
/**
  * @brief Function implementing Task1.
  * @retval None
  */
void Task1(void) {
  while (1) {
    //
    // Application code
    //
    HAL_Delay(5);
    Debug_Printf("Task1 is running!\r\n");
    OS_TASK_Delay(50);
  }
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  Period elapsed callback in non blocking mode
  * @note   This function is called  when TIM6 interrupt took place, inside
  * HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(). It makes a direct call to HAL_IncTick() to increment
  * a global variable "uwTick" used as application time base.
  * @param  htim : TIM handle
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Callback 0 */

  /* USER CODE END Callback 0 */
  if (htim->Instance == TIM6)
  {
    HAL_IncTick();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Callback 1 */

  /* USER CODE END Callback 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

测试效果：