十四、ContentProvider往通讯录添加联系人和获取联系人
在Android中，可以使用ContentResolver对通信录中的数据进行添加、删除、修改和查询操作。
在对联系人进行操作时需加入以下两个权限
<!-- 添加操作联系人的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
<!-- 联系人相关的uri -->
content://com.android.contacts/contacts 操作的数据是联系人信息Uri
content://com.android.contacts/data/phones 联系人电话Uri
content://com.android.contacts/data/emails 联系人Email Uri
一、清单文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.ljq.contact" android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
<activity android:name=".ContactActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category
android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />
<instrumentation
android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
android:targetPackage="com.ljq.contact"
android:label="Tests for My App" />
<!-- 添加联系人权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
</manifest>
获取联系人和添加联系人
package com.ljq.contact;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.content.ContentProviderOperation;
import android.content.ContentProviderResult;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.Data;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;
public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase{
private static final String TAG = "ContactTest";
/**
* 获取通讯录中联系人
*/
public void testGetContact(){
ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts");
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
// 获取联系人姓名
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",name=").append(name);
//获取联系人手机号码
Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
null,
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,
null, null);
while(phones.moveToNext()){
String phone = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex("data1"));
sb.append(",phone=").append(phone);
}
//获取联系人email
Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,
null,
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,
null, null);
while(emails.moveToNext()){
String email = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex("data1"));
sb.append(",email=").append(email);
}
Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
*
* 这是后面插入data表的数据，只有执行空值插入，才能使插入的联系人在通讯录里可见
*/
public void testInsert(){
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
//往data表入姓名数据
values.clear();
values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "zhangsan");
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
//往data表入电话数据
values.clear();
values.put(android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "5554");
values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
//往data表入Email数据
values.clear();
values.put(android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(Email.DATA, "ljq218@126.com");
values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
}
/**
* 批量添加联系人，处于同一个事务中
*/
public void testSave() throws Throwable{
//文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.RawContacts.html
ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
int rawContactInsertIndex = 0;
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
.build());
//文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.Data.html
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "lisi")
.build());
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "5556")
.withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
.withValue(Phone.LABEL, "")
.build());
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(Email.DATA, "lisi@126.cn")
.withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)
.build());
ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext()
.getContentResolver().applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY,ops);
for (ContentProviderResult result : results) {
Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());
}
}
}
