logging(一)

 

 

1.简单的将日志打印到屏幕

import logging
logging.debug('This is debug message') logging.info('This is info message') logging.warning('This is warning message') 

屏幕上打印: WARNING:root:This is warning message

  默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING; 日志级别大小关系为:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。

2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置

import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', 
                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                      
filename='myapp.log', filemode='w') logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message') ./myapp.log文件中内容为:
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

  logging.basicConfig函数各参数: filename: 指定日志文件名 filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a' format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:  %(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值  %(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称  %(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]  %(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名  %(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数  %(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号  %(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间  %(thread)d: 打印线程ID  %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称  %(process)d: 打印进程ID  %(message)s: 打印日志信息 datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime() level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING stream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

3.将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕

import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='myapp.log', filemode='w')
# 定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message') 屏幕上打印
: root
: INFO This
is info message root
: WARNING This is warning message ./myapp.log文件中内容为:
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

 4.logging之日志回滚

import logging from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
#定义一个RotatingFileHandler,最多备份5个日志文件,每个日志文件最大10M 
Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)
Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)

  从上例和本例可以看出,logging有一个日志处理的主对象,其它处理方式都是通过addHandler添加进去的。 logging的几种handle方式如下:

logging.StreamHandler --日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件 
logging.FileHandler --日志输出到文件 日志回滚方式,实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler
logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.SocketHandler --远程输出日志到TCP
/IP sockets
logging.handlers.DatagramHandler --远程输出日志到UDP sockets
logging.handlers.SMTPHandler --远程输出日志到邮件地址
logging.handlers.SysLogHandler --日志输出到syslog
logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler --远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志
logging.handlers.MemoryHandler --日志输出到内存中的制定buffer
logging.handlers.HTTPHandler --通过"GET""POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器

   由于StreamHandler和FileHandler是常用的日志处理方式,所以直接包含在logging模块中,而其他方式则包含在logging.handlers模块中, 上述其它处理方式的使用请参见python2.5手册!

5.通过logging.config模块配置日志

# logger.conf 

[loggers] keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root] level=DEBUG handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01] handlers=hand01,hand02 qualname=example01 propagate=0
[logger_example02] handlers=hand01,hand03 qualname=example02 propagate=0

[handlers] keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01] class=StreamHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02] class=FileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03] class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)

[formatters] keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02] format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s datefmt=

上例3:

import logging import logging.config
logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf") 
logger = logging.getLogger("example01") logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')

上例4:

import logging import logging.config
logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf") 
logger = logging.getLogger("example02") logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')

6.logging是线程安全的

posted on 2017-04-09 23:49  myworldworld  阅读(92)  评论(0)    收藏  举报

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