spring使用连接池

一、使用 HikariCP（Spring Boot 默认连接池）

1. 添加依赖（如果是 Spring Boot 默认支持的可以省略）

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
    <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 配置 application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_db?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

    hikari:
      minimum-idle: 5          # 最小空闲连接数
      maximum-pool-size: 15    # 最大连接数
      idle-timeout: 30000      # 空闲连接存活时间（ms）
      connection-timeout: 30000 # 获取连接的最大等待时间（ms）
      pool-name: MyHikariPool

二、使用 Druid（阿里巴巴）

1. 引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.20</version> <!-- 请使用最新版本 -->
</dependency>

2. 配置 application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_db?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

    druid:
      initial-size: 5
      min-idle: 5
      max-active: 20
      max-wait: 60000
      time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
      min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
      validation-query: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
      test-while-idle: true
      test-on-borrow: false
      test-on-return: false
      pool-prepared-statements: true
      max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20

3. 查看监控页面（可选）

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> druidServlet() {
        ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> bean =
            new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
        bean.addInitParameter("loginUsername", "admin");
        bean.addInitParameter("loginPassword", "123456");
        return bean;
    }
}