编程范式-声明式编程

Common programming paradigms include:^[1][2][3]

• imperative in which the programmer instructs the machine how to change its state,
  • procedural which groups instructions into procedures,
  • object-oriented which groups instructions together with the part of the state they operate on,
• declarative in which the programmer merely declares properties of the desired result, but not how to compute it
  • functional in which the desired result is declared as the value of a series of function applications,
  • logic in which the desired result is declared as the answer to a question about a system of facts and rules,
  • mathematical in which the desired result is declared as the solution of an optimization problem