特殊句型

一、强调句

It is / was + 强调部分 + that / who + 其他部分

例：They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.

It is they that / who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.

It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow.

It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.

It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.

注：

1、强调人的时候可以用 that 或者 who，其他时候只能用 that

2、删掉 It is 和 that 之后，剩余的部分如果还是一个完整的句子，那么一定是强调句

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1、B
The ability to do the job matters, not where you come from or what you are.

2、A
They did not reach the camp site until midnight.

3、B
Jim wrote the letter very carefully.

二、倒装句

目的：为了强调

1、完全倒装：谓语动词 + 主语

（1）there be 句型（此架构中可以用来代替 be 动词的动词有 exist，appear，stand 等）

There is a bus.

There stood a dog.

There exist different opinions on this question. 

（2）分词前置（doing / done）

Standing beside the desk was a teacher.

Seated on the ground are a group of young people.

（3）介词或介词短语前置

Out rushed the boy.  |  Out he rushed.（如果主语是代词的话，后面是正常的主谓顺序）

In came the teacher.

At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.

Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.

（4）形容词短语前置

Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.

2、部分倒装：助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词

（1）only 短语前置

Only in this way can you learn English well.

（2）否定词前置

Never have I seen such a beautiful place.

Seldom do I go to the cinema.

Not a single mistake did he make at the exam yesterday.

（3）Not until 短语前置（属于否定词前置）

● He didn't finish his homework until his mother came back.

○ Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.

● The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

○ Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

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1、B  2、B  3、B  4、B

三、虚拟语气

目的：表达美好愿望

注：虚拟语气中的 be 动词只能用 were

1、If I were you，I would accept his advice.

= Were I you，I would accept his advice.

2、If it were to rain tomorrow，I would stay at home.

= Were it to rain tomorrow / Should it rain tomorrow，I would stay at home.

3、If I had studied harder before，I would have passed the exam.

= Had I studied harder before，I would have passed the exam.

在 suggest，demand，order，insist 等动词之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，使用 (should) + 动词原形

1、He suggested that we (should) set about doing the work at once.

2、I insist that she (should) do her work alone.

3、The leader ordered that the army (should) set off at once.

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1、D  2、C  3、A  4、D  5、A  6、C
7、B  8、D  9、A  10、D  11、A  12、B

四、独立主格

独立主格结构：主语 + doing / done，完整句子

独立主格结构和悬挂结构的区别：独立主格结构中有自己独立的逻辑主语

悬挂结构：

Standing on the top of the mountain，I saw the whole Beijing.

Built in 1979，our school is an old school.

独立主格结构：

The girl staring at him，he didn't know what to say.

The problem solved，we went home.

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1、C  2、A  3、A

注：with = 逗号