201771010135 杨蓉庆《面对对象程序设计（java）》第十五周学习总结

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作；

(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法；

(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法；

(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。

一、理论知识

 JAR 文件

1、JAR文件是压缩的，它使用 ZIP 压缩格式。

2、Java程序的打包：程序编译完成后，程序员将.class文件压缩打包为.jar文件后，GUI界面程序就可以直接双击图标运行。

3、⚫jar命令格式： jar {ctxui} [vfm0Me] [jar-file] [manifest-file] [entry-point] [-C dir] files…

⚫-c 创建一个新的或者空的存档文件并加入文件。

-m 将一个清单文件（manifest）添加到JAR文件中。

-u 更新已存在的JAR文件（c和u不能同时出现）

-x 解压存档中的命名的（或所有的〕文件

⚫(1) 创建JAR文件：jar cf jar-file（文件名） input-file(s)

(2) 查看JAR文件：jar tf jar-file （查看t） t---want to view the Table of contents of the JAR file.

（*代表通配符，任意长度的字符。？仅代表一个位置是任意的）

(3) 提取JAR文件：jar xf jar-file [archived-file(s)] x---want to extract files from the JAR archive

(4) 更新JAR文件：jar uf jar-file input-file(s) u---want to update an existing JAR file.

(5) 索引JAR文件:jar i jar-file i---index an existing JAR file.

4、清单文件:每个JAR文件中包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文件(manifest)。清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF，它位于JAR文件的一个特殊的META-INF子目录中。

（2）清单文件的节与节之间用空行分开，最后一行必须以换行符结束。否则，清单文件将无法被正确地读取。

例：– 创建一个包含清单的JAR文件，应该运行： jar cfm MyArchive.jar manifest.mf com/*.class

（3）运行JAR文件：用户可以通过下面的命令来启动应用程序： java –jar MyProgram.jar

窗口操作系统，可通过双击JAR文件图标来启动应用程序。

5、资源：Java中，应用程序使用的类通常需要一些相关的数据文件，这些文件称为资源(Resource)。

（–图像和声音文件。 –带有消息字符串和按钮标签的文本文件。二进制数据文件，如：描述地图布局的文件。）

（1）利用资源机制对于非类文件也可以进行同样操作，具体步骤如下：

– 获得资源的Class对象。

– 如果资源是一个图像或声音文件，那么就需要调用 getresource(filename)获得资源的URL位置，然后利用getImage或getAudioClip方法进行读取。 – 如果资源是文本或二进制文件，那么就可以使用 getResouceAsStream方法读取文件中的数据。

（2）资源文件可以与类文件放在同一个目录中，也可以将资源文件放在其它子目录中。具体有以下两种方式：

–相对资源名：如data/text/about.txt 它会被解释为相对于加载这个资源的类所在的包。

–绝对资源名：如/corejava/title.txt

（3）编译、创建JAR文件和执行这个程序的命令如下： – javac ResourceTest.java

– jar cvfm ResourceTest.jar ResourceTest.mf *.class *.gif *.txt

– java –jar ResourceTest.jar

⚫

◼ 应用程序首选项存储

◼ Java Web Start

⚫ Java Web Start是一个用Java编写的应用程序，它是Sun 公司推出的一项在Internet上发布应用程序的技术；

⚫ 通过Java Web Start可以使一个应用程序很容易地通过 web部署在各个平台上，包括Windows，Linux，Solaris等。

⚫ Java Web Start的工作过程是基于Java Network Launch Protocol(JNLP) 协议的。一个后缀为 JNLP的文件包含了应用程序的说明以及如何启动这个应用程序的所有信息，Java Web Start技术部署应用程序的关键就在于JNLP文件的编写以及发布。

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1：导入第13章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中，再运行该归档文件，以便确认程序是从JAR文件中，而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。

l 掌握创建JAR文件的方法；

package resource;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");//设置标题
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//关闭界面的操作
         frame.setVisible(true);//使结果为可见的
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that loads image and text resources.
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{  //定义像素长和宽
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;

   public ResourceTestFrame()//定义ResourceTestFrame类
   {//利用about.gif图像文件制作图标
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
      //在找到ResourceTest类的地方查找about.gif图像文件
      setIconImage(img);

      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
      //读取about.txt文件
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "\n");
      }//捕获异常
      add(textArea);
   }
}

resource

测试程序2

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材588页-589程序13-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Properties类中常用的方法；

package properties;

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
       EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {//lamda表达式
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;

   private File propertiesFile;//属性映射文件
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
      // get position, size, title from properties
      //获得位置、大小、标题

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
      //找到用户的主目录，调用System.getProperty方法
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir,".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");

      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      //defaultSettings构造器提供属性映射参数
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");
      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);//使文件加载属性
         }
         catch (IOException ex)//抛出异常
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // if no title given, ask user

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()//添加窗口指定监听器
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());//
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

properties

测试程序3

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Preferences类中常用的方法；

package preferences;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();//访问树中的一个结点
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");//提供一个节点路径名

   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // get position, size, title from preferences

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);//设置节点信息

      // if no title given, ask user

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))//对象比较
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      // set up file chooser that shows XML files

      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // set up menus

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();//创建新的菜单栏
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");//添加菜单项目
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               //this引用
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();//保存首选项
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();//捕获异常
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);//add方法
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();//获得属性的设置
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

preferences

测试程序4

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。

Calculator

package webstart;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;

   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
      
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;

         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();

         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");

         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;

            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });

         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("\n");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}

CalculatorFrame

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{  
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   {  
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
      
      // add the display

      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);

      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
      
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid

      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
   
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }

   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {  
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }

   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {  
         String command = event.getActionCommand();

         if (start)
         {  
            if (command.equals("-")) 
            { 
               display.append(command); 
               start = false; 
            }
            else 
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {  
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command); 
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("\n" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("\n");
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation. 
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   }  
}

CalculatorPanel

实验2：GUI综合编程练习

练习1：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布：

l 编制一个程序，将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中；

l 按姓名字典序输出人员信息；

l 查询最大年龄的人员信息；

l 查询最小年龄人员信息；

l 输入你的年龄，查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地；

l 查询人员中是否有你的同乡。

l 输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。

package 身份证;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class Main extends JFrame {
    private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
    private static ArrayList<Student> list;
    private JPanel panel;
    private JPanel buttonPanel;
    private static final int DEFAULT_WITH = 900;
    private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 500;

    public Main() {
        studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("D:\\java\\身份证号.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {

                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);

                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String number = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String province = linescanner.nextLine();
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setName(name);
                student.setnumber(number);
                student.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                student.setage(a);
                student.setprovince(province);
                studentlist.add(student);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JTextArea jt = new JTextArea();
        panel.add(jt);
        add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 8));
        JButton jButton = new JButton("字典排序");
        JButton jButton1 = new JButton("年龄最大和年龄最小");
        JLabel lab = new JLabel("查找你的同乡");
        JTextField jt1 = new JTextField();
        JLabel lab1 = new JLabel("查找与你年龄相近的人：");
        JTextField jt2 = new JTextField();
        JLabel lab2 = new JLabel("输入你的身份证号码：");
        JTextField jt3 = new JTextField();
        JButton jButton2 = new JButton("退出");
        jButton.setBounds(900, 200,100, 90);
        jButton1.setBounds(50, 120, 90, 60);
        jt1.setBounds(900, 120, 100, 80);
        jt2.setBounds(800, 200, 100, 80);
        jt3.setBounds(450, 120, 80, 90);
        jButton2.setBounds(800,200, 60, 50);
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                Collections.sort(studentlist);
                jt.setText(studentlist.toString());
            }
        });
        jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int max = 0, min = 100;
                int j, k1 = 0, k2 = 0;
                for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    j = studentlist.get(i).getage();
                    if (j > max) {
                        max = j;
                        k1 = i;
                    }
                    if (j < min) {
                        min = j;
                        k2 = i;
                    }

                }
                jt.setText("年龄最大：" + studentlist.get(k1) + "年龄最小：" + studentlist.get(k2));
            }
        });
        jButton2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                dispose();
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        jt1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String find = jt1.getText();
                String text="";
                String place = find.substring(0, 3);
                for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    if (studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1, 4).equals(place)) {
                        text+="\n"+studentlist.get(i);
                        jt.setText("老乡：" + text);
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        jt2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String yourage = jt2.getText();
                int a = Integer.parseInt(yourage);
                int near = agenear(a);
                int value = a - studentlist.get(near).getage();
                jt.setText("年龄相近：" + studentlist.get(near));
            }
        });
        jt3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                list = new ArrayList<>();
                Collections.sort(studentlist);
                String key = jt3.getText();
                for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    if (studentlist.get(i).getnumber().contains(key)) {                        
                        list.add(studentlist.get(i));                        
                        jt.setText("你或许是：\n" + list);
                        
                    }                    
                }
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(jButton);
        buttonPanel.add(jButton1);
        buttonPanel.add(lab);
        buttonPanel.add(jt1);
        buttonPanel.add(lab1);
        buttonPanel.add(jt2);
        buttonPanel.add(lab2);
        buttonPanel.add(jt3);
        buttonPanel.add(jButton2);
        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        setSize(DEFAULT_WITH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    }

    public static int agenear(int age) {
        int min = 53, value = 0, k = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
            value = studentlist.get(i).getage() - age;
            if (value < 0)
                value = -value;
            if (value < min) {
                min = value;
                k = i;
            }
        }
        return k;
    }

}

Main

package 身份证;

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private String number ;
    private String sex ;
    private int age;
    private String province;
   
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getnumber() {
        return number;
    }
    public void setnumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public String getsex() {
        return sex ;
    }
    public void setsex(String sex ) {
        this.sex =sex ;
    }
    public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
        public void setage(int age) {
            // int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
        this.age= age;
        }

    public String getprovince() {
        return province;
    }
    public void setprovince(String province) {
        this.province=province ;
    }

    public int compareTo(Student o) {
       return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+number+"\t"+province+"\n";
    }    
}

Student

package 身份证;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class ButtonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
            JFrame frame = new Main();
            frame.setTitle("身份证");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

ButtonTest

练习2：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布

l 编写一个计算器类，可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作

l 利用计算机类，设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序，由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题，学生输入答案，由程序检查答案是否正确，每道题正确计10分，错误不计分，10道题测试结束后给出测试总分；

将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件，文件名为test.txt。

package S;


import java.io.*;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class jisuan {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        PrintWriter output = null;
        try {
            output = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            int a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int m = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 4);
            switch (m) {
            case 1:
                while (b == 0) {
                    b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                while (a % b != 0) {
                    a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                System.out.println(a + "/" + b + "=");
                int c1 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "/" + b + "=" + c1);
                if (c1 == a / b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉，答案错误");
                }

                break;

            case 2:
                System.out.println( a + "*" + b + "=");
                int c2 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "*" + b + "=" + c2);
                if (c2 == a * b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉，答案错误");
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println( a + "+" + b + "=");
                int c3 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "+" + b + "=" + c3);
                if (c3 == a + b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉，答案错误");
                }

                break;
            case 4:
                while (a < b) {
                    a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                System.out.println( a + "-" + b + "=");
                int c4 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "-" + b + "=" + c4);
                if (c4 == a - b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉，答案错误");
                }
                break;

            }

        }
        System.out.println("成绩" + sum);
        output.println("成绩" + sum);
        output.close();
    }
}

jisuan

package S;
public class math<T> {
    private T a;
    private T b;

    public int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public int reduce(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }

    public int multiplication(int a, int b) {
        return a * b;
    }

    public int division(int a, int b) {
        if (b != 0 && a % b == 0)
            return a / b;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}

math

三、实验总结

本章我们学习的知识好像也不是特别难，但实际操作就完全不一样了，由于个人能力有限，在编写程序时候有借鉴别人的代码，虽然想在此基础上进行变化，但最终结果不尽人意，所以只能做到这个样子，而且测试程序也做不太出来，老是发现有错，所以这次实验感觉很不合格，得反省更改……

posted on 2018-12-09 15:51 艾特大家阅读(184) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

会员力量，点亮园子希望

刷新页面返回顶部

公告