PXE自动安装linux系统

一，配置DHCP

1，安装dhcpd
  yum install dhcp
 
2，修改dhcp配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
subnet 192.168.202.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.202.200 192.168.202.220;
    option routers 192.168.202.131;
    option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
    default-lease-time 21600;
    max-lease-time 43200;
    next-server 192.168.202.131;
    filename "pxelinux.0";
}

 

 
3，启动dhcpd
  

chkconfig --add dhcpd
  service dhcpd start

 

 
  使用命令可以看到dhcpd绑定了多个端口
[root@localhost init.d]# netstat -anp | grep dhcpd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67                  0.0.0.0:*                              3266/dhcpd         
raw        0      0 0.0.0.0:1                  0.0.0.0:*                  7          3266/dhcpd         
unix  2      [ ]        DGRAM                    18034  3266/dhcpd   
  注意：第2行raw表示绑定在ICMP协议上，协议号为1
 
二，配置TFTP 
 
4，安装TFTP
  yum install tftp-server
     
5，修改tftpd配置文件/etc/xinetd.d/tftp，ftp根目录为/var/lib/tftpboot

service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}

 

6，启动tftp服务（端口69）
  /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

三，配置引导内核

7，下载pxe引导配置文件
 

 yum install syslinux
  cp `rpm -ql syslinux | grep '/pxelinux.0'` /var/lib/tftpboot

 

8，拷贝网络启动的内核文件
 

 cp /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot
  mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
  cp /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

 

 
  修改default文件：
 

default linux
prompt 1
timeout 60

display boot.msg

menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.4!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label linux
  menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
  menu default
  kernel vmlinuz
  append ks=http://192.168.202.131/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

 

四，配置kickstart
 
9，安装nginx，根目录/usr/local/nginx/html
  

yum install nginx
  chkconfig --add nginx
  service nginx start

 

 
10，拷贝操作系统源文件
 

 mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/dvd
  cp -R /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/* /usr/local/nginx/html/dvd/

 

 
11，下载kickstart
 

 yum install system-config-kickstart
  cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /usr/local/nginx/html/ks.cfg 
  chmod 755 /usr/local/nginx/html/ks.cfg  

 

（不分配权限，外部无法通过http访问）
 
  修改ks.cfg:

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T 
#version=DEVEL 

# Firewall configuration 
firewall --disabled 

# Install OS instead of upgrade  
install 

# Use text install 
text

# Use network installation  
url --url="http://192.168.202.131/dvd"

# Root password  
rootpw --iscrypted $1$.IvWB.Gl$E4fI4Ez4Z8HyHRCZW5Btr0
# System authorization information  
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --reconfig

# System keyboard 
keyboard us

# System language 
lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# SELinux configuration 
selinux --enforcing

# Installation logging level 
logging --level=info 

# System timezone 
timezone  Asia/Shanghai

# Network information  
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes

# System bootloader configuration 
bootloader --location=mbr

# Clear the Master Boot Record 
zerombr 

# Partition clearing information 
clearpart --all 

# Disk partitioning information 
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200 
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1000 
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1   

# Reboot after installation 
reboot

%packages 
@base  
@core 
gcc
%end 

 

 
   
五，验证 

12，修改CentOS65虚拟配置文件CentOS65.vmx，增加一行bios.bootDelay= "10000"，即表示在启动bios的时候停留10秒（否则你根本来不及按任何键的）
    给CentOS65加电（打开Power），按Esc选择从Network启动