建立raid1
创建raid1
添加1G热备盘
模拟磁盘故障，自动顶替故障盘
卸载阵列并删除整个阵列
环境：创建分区c1 c2 c3 大小为1G
环境的准备
[root@ZQ ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x05c92672.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x05c92672
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (2099200-20971519, default 2099200):
Using default value 2099200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (4196352-20971519, default 4196352):
Using default value 4196352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x05c92672
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 2099200 4196351 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdc3 4196352 6293503 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@ZQ ~]# ll /dev/sdc*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 32 Jun 4 06:18 /dev/sdc
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 33 Jun 4 06:18 /dev/sdc1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 34 Jun 4 06:18 /dev/sdc2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 35 Jun 4 06:18 /dev/sdc3
创建raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -C -v /dev/md1 -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc3
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
--metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 1047552K
Continue creating array?
Continue creating array? (y/n) y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.
[root@ZQ ~]# ll /dev/md1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 9, 1 Jun 4 06:24 /dev/md1
查看创建阵列信息生成配置文件检查配置文件
[root@ZQ ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdc3[2](S) sdc2[1] sdc1[0] #s 备用盘
1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] #状态
md0 : active raid0 sdb2[1] sdb1[0]
2095104 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ds > /etc/mdadm.conf
[root@ZQ ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:0 UUID=00d9284f:6fd6b3b0:afc571c6:c5441608
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=ZQ:1 UUID=137b8247:e0ced5a2:625805ac:e9b31692
将创建好的raid1磁盘格式化分区，生成系统文件，挂载正常使用
[root@ZQ ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1p1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65408 inodes, 261632 blocks
13081 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8176 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@ZQ ~]# mkdir /raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# mount /dev/md1p1 /raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 15G 3.6G 12G 24% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 156K 489M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 7.0M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 131M 67M 67% /boot
tmpfs 98M 8.0K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sr0 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /run/media/zq/CentOS 7 x86_64
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/md0p1 2.0G 6.1M 1.9G 1% /raid0
/dev/md1p1 990M 2.6M 921M 1% /raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# cp /etc/passwd /raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# ls !$
ls /raid1
lost+found passwd
模拟故障
raid1中sdc1故障，观察sdc3备用盘能否自动顶替故障盘
将sdc1指定为故障盘，cat/proc/mdstat 查看阵列状态
稍等片刻阵列重新重建成功，发现/sdc3【s】消失了，成功顶替
移除故障盘/sdc1
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -f /dev/md1 /dev/sdc1
mdadm: set /dev/sdc1 faulty in /dev/md1
[root@ZQ ~]# watch -n 1 cat /proc/mdstat
[root@ZQ ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdc3[2] sdc2[1] sdc1[0](F)
1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid0 sdb2[1] sdb1[0]
2095104 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -r /dev/md1 /dev/sdc1
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdc1 from /dev/md1
[root@ZQ ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdc3[2] sdc2[1]
1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid0 sdb2[1] sdb1[0]
2095104 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ds > /etc/mdadm.conf
[root@ZQ ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:0 UUID=00d9284f:6fd6b3b0:afc571c6:c5441608
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:1 UUID=137b8247:e0ced5a2:625805ac:e9b31692
[root@ZQ ~]#
