django2.0 关联表的必填on_delete参数的含义

一对多(ForeignKey)

class ForeignKey(ForeignObject):
    def __init__(self, to, on_delete, related_name=None, related_query_name=None,
                 limit_choices_to=None, parent_link=False, to_field=None,
                 db_constraint=True, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(to, on_delete, from_fields=['self'], to_fields=[to_field], **kwargs)

 

一对一(OneToOneField)

 

class OneToOneField(ForeignKey):
    def __init__(self, to, on_delete, to_field=None, **kwargs):
        kwargs['unique'] = True
        super().__init__(to, on_delete, to_field=to_field, **kwargs)

 

从上面外键(ForeignKey)和一对一(OneToOneField)的参数中可以看出,都有on_delete参数,而 django 升级到2.0之后,表与表之间关联的时候,必须要写on_delete参数,否则会报异常:

 

TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'

  

因此,整理一下on_delete参数的各个值的含义:

on_delete=None,                               # 删除关联表中的数据时,当前表与其关联的field的行为
on_delete=models.CASCADE,             # 删除关联数据,与之关联也删除
on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING,       # 删除关联数据,什么也不做
on_delete=models.PROTECT,              # 删除关联数据,引发错误ProtectedError
# models.ForeignKey('关联表', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=True, null=True)
on_delete=models.SET_NULL,            # 删除关联数据,与之关联的值设置为null(前提FK字段需要设置为可空,一对一同理)
# models.ForeignKey('关联表', on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT, default='默认值')
on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT,        # 删除关联数据,与之关联的值设置为默认值(前提FK字段需要设置默认值,一对一同理)
on_delete=models.SET,                       # 删除关联数据,

 a. 与之关联的值设置为指定值,设置:models.SET(值)
 b. 与之关联的值设置为可执行对象的返回值,设置:models.SET(可执行对象)
                     

 

多对多(ManyToManyField)

class ManyToManyField(RelatedField):
    def __init__(self, to, related_name=None, related_query_name=None,
                 limit_choices_to=None, symmetrical=None, through=None,
                 through_fields=None, db_constraint=True, db_table=None,
                 swappable=True, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)

因为多对多(ManyToManyField)没有 on_delete 参数,所以略过不提.

posted @ 2019-03-23 18:48  Jackie207  阅读(296)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报