go项目使用go build 与 MakeFile 构建项目

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一、Go Build 简要用法

核心作用

• 编译Go代码生成可执行文件

• 适合快速编译和简单项目

常用命令　

# 基本编译
go build                      # 编译当前目录
go build -o app ./cmd/main    # 指定输出文件

# 交叉编译
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build  # Linux版本
GOOS=windows go build             # Windows版本

应用

二、Makefile 简要用法

核心作用

• 自动化构建流程，统一团队操作

• 管理复杂依赖关系和构建步骤

• 标准化开发、测试、部署流程

基本结构

# 变量定义
APP = myapp
VERSION = 1.0.0

# 目标: 依赖
build: fmt test
    go build -o $(APP)

# 伪目标
.PHONY: clean
clean:
    rm -f $(APP)

关键优势

1. 统一入口：团队使用相同命令

2. 复杂流程简化：一键完成多个步骤

3. 环境一致性：避免环境差异问题

4. 文档作用：Makefile即构建文档

模板

# 最小可用 Makefile
.PHONY: help build test clean

help:
    @echo "make build - 编译项目"
    @echo "make test  - 运行测试"
    @echo "make clean - 清理文件"

build:
    go build -o bin/app ./cmd/main

test:
    go test ./... -v

clean:
    rm -rf bin/

应用：

EXE_LINUX=monitor
EXE_ARM64=monitor-arm64
EXE_DBG_LINUX=monitor-dbg
EXE_DBG_ARM64=monitor-dbg-arm64

all: monitor monitor-arm64


monitor: commit_id
        mkdir -p ../bin
        GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/$(EXE_LINUX) ./cmd/monitor.go
        cp ./cmd/monitor_no.conf  ../bin/monitor.conf

monitor-arm64: commit_id
        mkdir -p ../bin
        GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/$(EXE_ARM64) ./cmd/monitor.go
        cp ./cmd/monitor_no.conf  ../bin/monitor.conf

monitor-dbg: commit_id
        mkdir -p ../bin
        GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -gcflags "all=-N -l" -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/$(EXE_DBG_LINUX) ./cmd/monitor.go

monitor-dbg-arm64: commit_id
        mkdir -p ../bin
        GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -gcflags "all=-N -l" -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/$(EXE_DBG_ARM64) ./cmd/monitor.go

运行编译：

root@xdd-virtual-machine:~/zeng/terra-monitor-23/terra-monitor/src# make all
mkdir -p ../bin
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/monitor ./cmd/monitor.go
cp ./cmd/monitor_no.conf  ../bin/monitor.conf
mkdir -p ../bin
GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags 'pe' -o ../bin/monitor-arm64 ./cmd/monitor.go
cp ./cmd/monitor_no.conf  ../bin/monitor.conf