Spring
导入包
建spring文件
applicationContext.xml中(spring.xml文件)
<!-- 控制反转IOC,依赖注入DI 面向切面编程AOP(通知,有一个代理,可以在已固定的类方法中进行功能拓展)
@Controller 与前端打交道
@Component将一个类作为实体类放入Spring容器中
@Repository 将一个类作为业务逻辑处理层放入Spring容器中
-->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="xiao" class="model.Girl" > <!-- p:name="开导" p:age="24" scope="singleton" --> <!-- set方法注入 --> <!-- <property name="name" value="xiaobai"></property> <property name="age" value="17"></property>--> <!-- 构造器是根据类型放入值,类中一定要有这个构造方法 --> <!-- <constructor-arg index="0" value="拜拜"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="1" value="14"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="2" ref="nowtime"></constructor-arg> --> <!-- <context:annotation-config /> --> <property name="list"><!--通过构造方法中的名字往实体类中传值 --> <list> <value>java</value> <value>jjdkas</value> <value>dakame</value> </list> <map><!-- ref是引用的意思,传时间之类的引用 --> <entry key-ref="" value-ref="" value=""></entry> </map> </property> </bean> <bean id="nowtime" class="java.util.Date"></bean> <!-- <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"></aop>--> </beans>
<!--如果还有一个dept类,这个类中有girl这个实体类属性,可以如下这样写来 调用,在test中直接实例化并打印dept就行 --> <!-- <bean id="dept" class="com.hanqi.model.Dept"> <property name="appUser" ref="appUser"></property> </bean> -->
看看实体类咋写的package model;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
//com.model/com.domain/com.entity/com.pojo都是指实体类
public class Girl {
private String name;
private int age;
private Date birthday;
private List<String> list;//假如有
public void sayhello() {
System.out.println(name +"说:你好!!!!!!");
}
public Girl() {
super();
}
public Girl(String name, int age) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public Girl(String name, int age, Date birthday) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public Girl(String name, int age, Date birthday, List<String> list) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.list = list;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public List<String> getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(List<String> list) {
this.list = list;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Girl [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", birthday="
+ birthday + ", list=" + list + "]";
}
}
test怎么打印出来的
package test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import model.Girl;
public class test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
("conf/applicationContext.xml");//从src下开始
//Girl girl = (Girl)ac.getBean("xiao");
Girl girl1 = ac.getBean(Girl.class);//用这种泛型
System.out.println(girl1);
/*girl.setName("笨蛋");
girl.setAge(18);
girl.sayhello();*/
close(ac);
}
public static void close(ApplicationContext ac) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext c = (ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ac;
c.close();
}
}
第二种方法
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd"> <!--这种在类名上添加注解的方式,只是用来给Spring添加配置的 有一些实体类并不需要放到Spring中 .这种方式破坏了类中的单一职责原则--> <!--上下文 组件 扫描.人话:扫描上下文中所有带着component标签的类 指定一个包 lib中要有spring-aop这个包才行!--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hanqi.model" /> </beans>
SpringMVC环境搭建
1, 导包(spring框架的jar)
2, 在web.xml中声明springmvc的核心servlet---org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
声明springmvc配置文件的位置
也可以使用默认值, 将springmvc的配置文件放在WEB-INF下,
并且配置文件的名称一定为<servlet-name></servlet-name>里面的名字加上"-servlet"
3, 配置springmvc的配置文件
配置扫描器
配置视图解析器(InternalResourceViewResolver)
前缀
后缀
开启mvc注解驱动<mvc:annotation-driver />
4, 新建Controller控制器(@Controller)
5, 控制器类里面编写方法, 方法的返回值被视图解析器解析作为返回的视图层
返回值可以是String或者ModelAndView
常用注解
@Controller
@RequestMapping
@RequestParam
@PathVariable
@SessionAttribute
@ModelAttribute
@ResponseBody
SpringMVC的文件上传和下载
例
//运行页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="helloworld2?aabbcc=xiaohua">链接</a>
</body>
</html>
web.xml: 启动时加载
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests --> <servlet> <servlet-name>hanqi</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:conf/springmvc2.xml</param-value> </init-param> --> <!-- 启动时加载 如果不写上面那个inint-param默认,就会自动去找 与servlet-name相同的名加个后缀(-servlet.xml的文件)--> <!-- 当数值大于等于0的时候, 启动时加载, 数值越小, 优先级越高 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>hanqi</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
如下:
原来叫springmvc2.xml,现在改名为hanqi-servlet.xml来加载文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hanqi.controller" />//还有这句 <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"></property> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!--注意加上这句--> </beans>
TestController.java ----控制层
package com.hanqi.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.hanqi.model.AppUser;
// @Component @Repository @Service
// @Autowired @Resource
@Controller
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("test/{dfghsdfgdsf}/aaaa")
public String testDynaicParam(
@PathVariable("dfghsdfgdsf")String path) {
//动态路径改变(在真正的主页那里,可以写多个jsp,
这样就会在网址上输入哪个,跳哪个页面)
//System.out.println(path);
return path;
}
@RequestMapping("/helloworld2")
public ModelAndView helloWorld(
ModelAndView mav,
@RequestParam("aabbcc")String username) {
//写一个modelandview这个类,自动获取和返回前台数据,甚至传入的名不一致也可以
//写个注解匹配上
// ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
System.out.println(username);
AppUser user = new AppUser();
user.setRealname("超级管理员2");
mav.addObject("currentUser", user); // request.setAttribute();
mav.setViewName("success");
相当于下面的request.getServletDispatcher...重定向到哪里(hanqi-servlet.xml)
return mav;//把这些东西返回回去
}
/* @RequestMapping("/helloworld2")
public String helloWorld(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
// System.out.println(username);
request.setAttribute("msg", "外面出太阳了");
return "success";
}*/
}
//走到真正的主页
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;
charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>访问成功的页面 !</h1>
${currentUser.realname}
</body>
</html>
//这是建的那个类
package com.hanqi.model;
public class AppUser {
private String realname;
public String getRealname() {
return realname;
}
public void setRealname(String realname) {
this.realname = realname;
}
}
