#include "stdio.h"#include "stdlib.h"#include "math.h"#include "time.h"#define OK 1#define ERROR 0#define TRUE 1#define FALSE 0#define MAXSIZE 20 /* 存储空间初始分配量 */typedef int Status;typedef int QElemType; /* QElemType类型根据实际情况而定,这里假设为int */typedef struct QNode /* 结点结构 */{ QElemType data; struct QNode *next;}QNode, *QueuePtr;typedef struct /* 队列的链表结构 */{ QueuePtr front, rear; /* 队头、队尾指针 */}LinkQueue;Status visit(QElemType c){ printf("%d ", c); return OK;}/* 构造一个空队列Q */Status InitQueue(LinkQueue *Q){ Q->front = Q->rear = (QueuePtr)malloc(sizeof(QNode)); if (!Q->front) exit(OVERFLOW); Q->front->next = NULL; return OK;}/* 销毁队列Q */Status DestroyQueue(LinkQueue *Q){ while (Q->front)//当Q->front不为空的时候,即队列中还有元素时执行这个while循环 { Q->rear = Q->front->next;//删除的都是队首元素,里用Q->rear来储存Q->front->next free(Q->front); Q->front = Q->rear; } return OK;}/* 将Q清为空队列 */Status ClearQueue(LinkQueue *Q){ QueuePtr p, q; Q->rear = Q->front; p = Q->front->next; Q->front->next = NULL;//已经被p储存起来了。 while (p)//当队列还没空 { q = p; p = p->next; free(q); } return OK;}/* 若Q为空队列,则返回TRUE,否则返回FALSE */Status QueueEmpty(LinkQueue Q){ if (Q.front == Q.rear) return TRUE; else return FALSE;}/* 求队列的长度 */int QueueLength(LinkQueue Q){ int i = 0; QueuePtr p; p = Q.front; while (Q.rear != p) { i++; p = p->next; } return i;}/* 若队列不空,则用e返回Q的队头元素,并返回OK,否则返回ERROR */Status GetHead(LinkQueue Q, QElemType *e){ QueuePtr p; if (Q.front == Q.rear) return ERROR; p = Q.front->next; *e = p->data; return OK;}/* 插入元素e为Q的新的队尾元素 */Status EnQueue(LinkQueue *Q, QElemType e){ QueuePtr s = (QueuePtr)malloc(sizeof(QNode)); if (!s) /* 存储分配失败 */ exit(OVERFLOW); s->data = e; s->next = NULL; Q->rear->next = s; /* 把拥有元素e的新结点s赋值给原队尾结点的后继,见图中① */ Q->rear = s; /* 把当前的s设置为队尾结点,rear指向s,见图中② */ return OK;}/* 若队列不空,删除Q的队头元素,用e返回其值,并返回OK,否则返回ERROR */Status DeQueue(LinkQueue *Q, QElemType *e){ QueuePtr p; if (Q->front == Q->rear) return ERROR; p = Q->front->next; /* 将欲删除的队头结点暂存给p,见图中① */ *e = p->data; /* 将欲删除的队头结点的值赋值给e */ Q->front->next = p->next;/* 将原队头结点的后继p->next赋值给头结点后继,见图中② */ if (Q->rear == p) /* 若队头就是队尾,则删除后将rear指向头结点,见图中③ */ Q->rear = Q->front; free(p); return OK;}/* 从队头到队尾依次对队列Q中每个元素输出 */Status QueueTraverse(LinkQueue Q){ QueuePtr p; p = Q.front->next; while (p) { visit(p->data); p = p->next; } printf("\n"); return OK;}int main(){ int i; QElemType d; LinkQueue q; i = InitQueue(&q); if (i) printf("成功地构造了一个空队列!\n"); printf("是否空队列?%d(1:空 0:否) ", QueueEmpty(q)); printf("队列的长度为%d\n", QueueLength(q)); EnQueue(&q, -5); EnQueue(&q, 5); EnQueue(&q, 10); printf("插入3个元素(-5,5,10)后,队列的长度为%d\n", QueueLength(q)); printf("是否空队列?%d(1:空 0:否) ", QueueEmpty(q)); printf("队列的元素依次为:"); QueueTraverse(q); i = GetHead(q, &d); if (i == OK) printf("队头元素是:%d\n", d); DeQueue(&q, &d); printf("删除了队头元素%d\n", d); i = GetHead(q, &d); if (i == OK) printf("新的队头元素是:%d\n", d); ClearQueue(&q); printf("清空队列后,q.front=%u q.rear=%u q.front->next=%u\n", q.front, q.rear, q.front->next); DestroyQueue(&q); printf("销毁队列后,q.front=%u q.rear=%u\n", q.front, q.rear); return 0;}