python 元组和列表

list

Python内置的一种数据类型是列表：list。list是一种有序的集合，可以随时添加和删除其中的元素。

1. 切片查看

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   print(names[1:3]) ##切片；顾头不顾尾
   print(names[0:3])
   print(names[-1])
   print(names[-2:])
   print(names[:3])
   print(names[0],names[2])

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng']
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng']
   XuLiangChen
   ['ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng']
   #ZhangYang Xiedi

2. 追加

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

3. 插入

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', '4Guyun', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

4. 替换

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

5. 删除

   方法一：
   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   delete(三种方法)

   names.remove('ChenRonghua')
   #del names[1]=names.pop(1)
   #names.pop(1)

   print(names)

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

   方法二：
   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   delete(三种方法)

   names.remove('ChenRonghua')

   del names[1]=names.pop(1)

   del names[1]
   #names.pop(1)

   print(names)

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

   方法三：
   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   delete(三种方法)

   names.remove('ChenRonghua')

   del names[1]=names.pop(1)

   del names[1]

   names.pop(1)

   print(names)

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']

6. 查找

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   print(names.index("Xiedi"))
   print(names[names.index("Xiedi")])

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   2
   Xiedi

7. 个数

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   print('ChenRonghua:',names.count("ChenRonghua"))

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   ChenRonghua: 2

8. 清空

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   names.clear()
   print(names)

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   []

9. 顺序翻转和ASCII码排序

   names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
   print(names)
   names.append('LeiHaidong')
   names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
   names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
   names[2] ='Xiedi'
   print(names)

   names.reverse() ##顺序翻转
   print(names)
   names.sort() #按照ASCII顺序翻转
   print(names)

   D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
   ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
   ['LeiHaidong', 'XuLiangChen', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiangpeng', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiedi', 'ChenRonghua', '#ZhangYang']
   ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'ChenRonghua', 'LeiHaidong', 'Xiangpeng', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'XuLiangChen']

10. 列表追加进列表

    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    print(names)
    names.append('LeiHaidong')
    names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
    names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
    names[2] ='Xiedi'
    print(names)

    names2 = [1,2,3,4]
    names.extend(names2)
    print(names,names2)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
    ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong', 1, 2, 3, 4] [1, 2, 3, 4]

11. 删除列表

    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng","ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    print(names)
    names.append('LeiHaidong')
    names.insert(1,"ChenRonghua")
    names.insert(3,"XingZhiyu")
    names[2] ='Xiedi'
    print(names)

    names2 = [1,2,3,4]
    names.extend(names2)
    del names2
    print(names,names2)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ['#ZhangYang', 'ChenRonghua', 'Xiedi', 'XingZhiyu', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen', 'LeiHaidong']
    File "D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py", line 35, in
    print(names,names2)
    NameError: name 'names2' is not defined ------->因为没有列表‘name2’,所以没有定义

12. 切片查看

    方法一：
    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng",['alex','jack'],"ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    for i in range(1,6,2):
    print(names[i])
    print()
    for i in names:
    print(i)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    4Guyun
    ['alex', 'jack']
    XuLiangChen

    ZhangYang

    4Guyun
    Xiangpeng
    ['alex', 'jack']
    ChenRonghua
    XuLiangChen

    方法二：
    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng",['alex','jack'],"ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    print(names)
    print(names[0👎2])
    print(names[::2])
    print(names[1::2]

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua']
    ['#ZhangYang', 'Xiangpeng', 'ChenRonghua']
    ['4Guyun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'XuLiangChen']

13. 复制

    方法一：
    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng",['alex','jack'],"ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    name2 = names.copy()
    print(names)
    print(name2)
    print()
    names[2] = "向鹏"
    names[3][0] = "ALEX"
    print(names)
    print(name2)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', '向鹏', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

    方法二：
    # author = "zhuyouen"
    import copy
    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng",['alex','jack'],"ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    name2 = copy.copy(names)
    print(names)
    print(name2)
    print()
    names[2] = "向鹏"
    names[3][0] = "ALEX"
    print(names)
    print(name2)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', '向鹏', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

    方法三：
    # author = "zhuyouen"
    import copy
    names = ["#ZhangYang","4Guyun","Xiangpeng",['alex','jack'],"ChenRonghua","XuLiangChen"]
    name2 = copy.deepcopy(names)
    print(names)
    print(name2)
    print()
    names[2] = "向鹏"
    names[3][0] = "ALEX"
    print(names)
    print(name2)

    D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0403/names.py
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', '向鹏', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']
    ['#ZhangYang', '4Guyun', 'Xiangpeng', ['alex', 'jack'], 'ChenRonghua', 'XuLiangChen']

14. 复制

    author = "zhuyouen"

    浅copy

    person=['name',['saving',100]]

    '''
    p1=copy.copy(person)
    p2=person[:]
    p3=list(person)
    '''
    p1=person[:]
    p2=person[:]
    p1[0]='alex'
    p2[0]='fengjie'
    p1[1][1]=50

    print(p1)
    print(p2)

元组tuple

另一种有序列表叫元组：tuple。tuple和list非常类似，但是tuple一旦初始化就不能修改。

author = "zhuyouen"

name=('alex','jack')
name[1]='123'
print(name)

D:\python35\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0404/tuple.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:/PycharmProjects/zhuyouen/0404/tuple.py", line 3, in
name[1]='123'
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment