RedHat 9 部署磁盘队列
RedHat 9 部署磁盘队列
mdadm 命令常用的选项：
-
-C：创建磁盘阵列 -
-v：显示创建阵列的详细过程 -
-n：使用磁盘的数量 -
-l：指定 RAID 级别 -
-x：添加磁盘的数量 -
-S：停用 RAID 磁盘 -
-f：模拟硬盘故障 -
-r：从阵列组中移除某个磁盘 -
-a：向阵列组中添加磁盘 -
--add-spare：向现有阵列组中添加热备磁盘 -
-Q：简要显示阵列组的详细信息 -
-D：查看指定阵列组的详细信息 -
--zero-superblock：清空指定硬盘的 superblock 元数据信息
RAID0
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -n 4 -l 0 /dev/sd{b..e}
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 查看有没有创建成功
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -Q /dev/md0
/dev/md0: 39.96GiB raid0 4 devices, 0 spares. Use mdadm --detail for more detail.
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 查看磁盘阵列信息
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Aug 11 20:19:25 2024
Raid Level : raid0
Array Size : 41906176 (39.96 GiB 42.91 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 11 20:19:25 2024
State : clean
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : -unknown-
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : none
Name : zhpj.com:0 (local to host zhpj.com)
UUID : 3d52ba8e:7d0d4063:524daa74:300777db
Events : 0
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 或者通过 mdstat 查看
[root@zhpj ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0]
md0 : active raid0 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[1] sdb[0]
41906176 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 或者通过 lsblk 查看
[root@zhpj ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid0
sdc 8:32 0 10G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid0
sdd 8:48 0 10G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid0
sde 8:64 0 10G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid0
sr0 11:0 1 8.9G 0 rom /media/cdrom
[root@zhpj ~]#
RAID1
如果要做引导盘，需要指定 --metadata=0.90
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md1 -n 2 -l 1 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
--metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 10476544K
Continue creating array? yes
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 正在同步磁盘
[root@zhpj ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdc[1] sdb[0]
10476544 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
[========>............] resync = 43.9% (4601728/10476544) finish=0.4min speed=209169K/sec
unused devices: <none>
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Aug 11 20:26:31 2024
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 10476544 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB)
Used Dev Size : 10476544 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 11 20:27:07 2024
State : clean, resyncing
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : resync
Resync Status : 74% complete
Name : zhpj.com:1 (local to host zhpj.com)
UUID : 080ed497:deb5c6ee:1a15855a:5d5b0c51
Events : 11
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
└─md1 9:1 0 10G 0 raid1
sdc 8:32 0 10G 0 disk
└─md1 9:1 0 10G 0 raid1
sdd 8:48 0 10G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 10G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 8.9G 0 rom /media/cdrom
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 格式化
[root@zhpj ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/md1
meta-data=/dev/md1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=654784 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1
data = bsize=4096 blocks=2619136, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@zhpj ~]#
RAID10
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md10 -n 4 -l 10 /dev/sd{b..e}
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md10 started.
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid10]
md10 : active raid10 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[1] sdb[0]
20953088 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 near-copies [4/4] [UUUU]
[=>...................] resync = 5.7% (1201280/20953088) finish=1.3min speed=240256K/sec
unused devices: <none>
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md10
/dev/md10:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Aug 11 20:30:16 2024
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Used Dev Size : 10476544 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 11 20:30:42 2024
State : clean, resyncing
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : resync
Resync Status : 26% complete
Name : zhpj.com:10 (local to host zhpj.com)
UUID : 0eb54d96:af760afb:7c12a1ce:53c0ffed
Events : 4
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde
[root@zhpj ~]#
RAID5
-x：添加一块热备盘；（默认最后一个作为热备盘）
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md5 -n 3 -l 5 -x 1 /dev/sd{b..e}
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K
mdadm: size set to 10476544K
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md5 started.
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md5 : active raid5 sdd[4] sde[3](S) sdc[1] sdb[0]
20953088 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
[=>...................] recovery = 9.4% (990556/10476544) finish=0.6min speed=247639K/sec
unused devices: <none>
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Aug 11 20:43:45 2024
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Used Dev Size : 10476544 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 11 20:44:24 2024
State : clean, degraded, recovering
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 2
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : resync
Rebuild Status : 78% complete
Name : zhpj.com:5 (local to host zhpj.com)
UUID : 67b6c832:892ea5d8:975505f9:528f99e0
Events : 13
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
4 8 48 2 spare rebuilding /dev/sdd
3 8 64 - spare /dev/sde
[root@zhpj ~]#
停用某个磁盘阵列
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -S /dev/md10
mdadm: stopped /dev/md10
[root@zhpj ~]#
[root@zhpj ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid10]
unused devices: <none>
[root@zhpj ~]#
# 需要生成一个 /dev/md10 的配置文件
[root@zhpj ~]# mdadm -A /dev/md10
mdadm: /dev/md10 not identified in config file.
[root@zhpj ~]#
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