实现pxe一键安装centos{6,7}

环境准备

两台主机：
一台DHCP,HTTPD,TFTP服务器(一个网卡，仅主机)：192.168.37.101

一台测试机（一个网卡，仅主机）：
关闭仅主机的vmware中dhcp服务

安装服务需要的软件包：

yum install httpd tftp-server dhcp syslinux 
systemctl start httpd tftp 
systemctl enable httpd tftp

准备yum 源　

mkdir /var/www/html/centos/{6,7}/os/x86_64 -pv
mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
mount /dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64　　　

准备ks文件

system-config-kickstart 
mkdir  /var/www/html/ksdir/
ls /var/www/html/ksdir/
ks6_mini.cfg  ks7_desktop.cfg  ks7_mini.cfg

配置dhcp服务

准备dhcp配置文件

cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cat >/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf <<EOF
option domain-name "magedu.com";
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114, 180.76.76.76;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 864000;
subnet 192.168.37.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.37.50 192.168.37.100;
    option routers 192.168.37.2;
    next-server 192.168.37.101;
    filename "pxelinux.0";
 
}
EOF

　　

启动dhcp服务，并设为开机自起

systemctl start dhcpd
systemctl enable dhcp

 

准备相关文件

cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0  /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32	 /var/lib/tftpboot/
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{6,7}
cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7
cp /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos6
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

[root@centos7 tftpboot]#tree /var/lib/tftpboot/

/var/lib/tftpboot/

├── centos6

│   ├── initrd.img

│   └── vmlinuz

├── centos7

│   ├── initrd.img

│   └── vmlinuz

├── menu.c32

├── pxelinux.0

└── pxelinux.cfg

    └── default

准备启动菜单

cat > /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default <<EOF
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title CentOS Auto Install
 
label mini7
  menu label Install CentOS ^Mini 7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.37.7/ksdir/ks7_mini.cfg
 
label desktop
  menu label Install CentOS ^Desktop 7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img  ks=http://192.168.37.7/ksdir/ks7_desktop.cfg
 
label mini6
  menu label Install CentOS Mi^ni 6
  kernel centos6/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.37.7/ksdir/ks6_mini.cfg
 
label local
  menu default
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff
EOF

　　

测式机网卡启动

以下是相关模板文件，可以直接拿来用，也可以自己加以修改：

ks7_mini.cfg

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --plaintext centos
# Use network installation
url --url="http://192.168.37.7/centos/7/os/x86_64"
# System language
lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled

# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=100000
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1000
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2000

%packages
@^minimal
autofs
%end


%post
mkdir /root/.ssh
chmod 700 /root/.ssh
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDSi4WucaraQXLsyyrluMBuKjClLscLulnLLzTshTX/L3t7c6Lw+Ap0zMbPuGer0NRuvnkESfsRNtnBXmuTDcuOYeOosMe59zGGmv04BZFipyDi7Acw94IeNF2HaU3pk6WIqkpqYlOnUAvAJg0fN+hEkVBy0S1pghVK7SWA0KFAUKuSrvd8ZNj3NK1Vj+ZPLXGDrnF8JyvfBz8oq+M+70dZRNhSsXCegHUfLY2tRvXOkjYb6tLQlQAgSifzI+FqB0Ix/VmsIspdAep/jwsKNjTf93fngoQ1ovdSu5ybzo95VF+UxAou1+9kNhr9/qJhSGp3StQHAVbERJdgjguhoA7h root@centos7.localdomain
EOF
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys 
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo <<EOF
[base]
baseurl=http://192.168.37.7/centos/7/os/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
EOF

%end

　　

　　

ks6_mini.cfg

# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

#version=DEVEL
install
text
reboot
url --url=http://192.168.32.6/centos/6/
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto static --ip 192.168.32.16 --netmask 255.255.255.0 --noipv6
rootpw  --iscrypted $6$b6C5mM/BwOMBoK8H$cYZFrHoNlOL0iDsxOTRhwnWJ3yfFmf7mRJBOxEqGoI56UMrT8J7qlrGwX7tSnOf7wKxYR2hAvAREILDgOgsFe1
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --disabled
timezone Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel

part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=1024
part / --fstype=ext4 --size=50000
part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=30000

part swap --size=2048


repo --name="CentOS"  --baseurl=http://192.168.32.6/centos/6/ --cost=100 

%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
autofs
vim-enhanced
%end

%post
useradd wang 
echo magedu | passwd --stdin wang &> /dev/null
mkdir  /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF

mkdir /root/.ssh
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCZRMD+7Zx9BAajEqj7RegvU5NpwqtxT987GfBm1t3/HJ69f3VTIWZ7+Y9ySMDeZpT8aw5RQ+DBARVA79GGoZkELC8nZsPZiBxGf56abVwGL9EMJjkZiVuC1ifEuYNqh5RJM7TedwAaZESwEKMoxHlj678ORdsXJFMwO5BAXyDIkBRPwQ8YNBGrNssQNtflmdkJimM3woBGx/mrYN75tWCAp8U7dBzrXG7vjaMSb2ZdRsafKAJIzB3aXLcuuPUhxyHr6VTH43YEpN00Ca4rx5DloNOjmyfIpgWR+kP1GXbR5pat8pKFOxZbK96STclmUMSnYhqGy559aR7L0XF/urjh root@centos7.localdomain
EOF
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 700 /root/.ssh

%end

　　

　　

default文件模板

[root@centos7 pxelinux.cfg]# cat default 
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title CentOS Auto Install 

label mini7
  menu label Install CentOS ^Mini 7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.37.101/ksdir/ks7_mini.cfg

label desktop
  menu label Install CentOS ^Desktop 7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img  ks=http://192.168.37.{6,7}/ksdir/ks7_desktop.cfg

label mini6
  menu label Install CentOS Mi^ni 6
  kernel centos6/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.37.101/ksdir/ks6_mini.cfg

label local
  menu default
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff
[root@centos7 pxelinux.cfg]# 

　

ks6_mini.cfg