virsh install 虚机初探

在centos7 中安装virsh 构建虚拟机

  1. 是否支持安装虚拟化：
    一般的linux硬件支持虚拟化，这一点可忽略
  2. 首先配置设备的网络：
    a. 新建一个网桥：(ip为设备本身ip)

cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0

DEVICE=br0
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Bridge
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.131
NETMASK=255.255.0.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DELAY=0
USERCE=no

b. 将设备本身ip所在的网口加上 BRIDGE=br0

cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp7s0

GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
NAME=enp7s0
BOOTPROTO=none
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=no
NETMASK=255.255.0.0
DEVICE=enp7s0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.131
BRIDGE=br0

c. 重启网络：systemctl restart network

  1. yum安装kvm
    a. 配置yum源头，ali或者网易清华都可
    cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo_bak
点击查看代码 
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[root@n131 ~]#

b. install
yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils -y
"缺失rpm自行下载"
安装成功查看

lsmod |grep kvm

kvm_intel 183621 12
kvm 586948 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 13503 1 kvm
启动：systemctl start libvirtd systemctl enable libvirtd

  1. 将iso镜像源拷贝到设备，新建存储目录和源目录
    mkdir /zhy/iso (存放iso镜像)
    mkdir /zhy/data (存放qcow2数据盘)
    镜像源网盘：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1rpnHKa6P06ckhgX5K2Gg3g
    提取码：p3ga
    VNC viewer: 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZZAv_OzoY1NNXN_tnlVC7g
    提取码：s4qs
  2. install 虚机
    virt-install
    --name=linux7-1 --ram 4096 --vcpus 4 --disk path=/zhy/iso/linux7.qcow2,size=8
    --cdrom /zhy/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso
    --arch=x86_64 --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel7 --hvm --bridge=br0
    --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0,port=12375,password=123456 --noautoconsole

相关命令详解链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/saryli/p/11827903.html

  1. 修改xml配置
    a. 查看安装的虚机 virsh list

virsh list

Id Name State

8 linux7-1 running

b. 修改xml virsh edit 8
edit 是virsh官方修改编辑工具，推荐使用，也可vim编辑
vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/linux7-1.xml

  1. 使用VNC连接本设备的虚机
    端口是install时vnc设置的端口
  2. 正常的安装步骤点击安装linux,安装完后重启虚机，设备中需要手动启动 virsh start linux7-1
    virsh list 查看是否运行，ssh链接虚机即可

注意：
1. 如果想将windows VMware创建的虚机文件使用在virsh中用qcow2安装
先转换qcow2:
qemu-img convert -f vmdk -O qcow2 CentOS-7-test.vmdk test.qcow2
生成的test.qcow2即可直接install安装虚机
2. virt-install --name test1 --ram 4096 --vcpus=4 --disk path=/zhy/iso/test.qcow2 --network=bridge:br0 --force --import --autostart
3. install后list看到running后修改test1的xml配置 ，将graphics改为vnc链接后保存退出



4. virsh shutdown test1 (正常关机)
virsh destroy test1 (拔电源关机)
virsh start test1 (开机)

windows:
virt-install --name=windows2019-1 --vcpu=4 --ram=6196 --disk path=/zhy/iso/windows2019_video_platform_1.qcow2,format=qcow2 --boot=hd --network bridge=br0,model=virtio --vnc --vncport=10086 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole
（如果img文件或者qcow2文件已经自带了系统，就用 --boot=hd ; 如果是本身有网卡驱动的镜像就不要用 model=virtio ）

持续更新~

posted @ 2022-03-09 14:56  z_blog  阅读(366)  评论(0)    收藏  举报