用Instant Client，不安装oracle客户端使用sqlplus连接远程数据库

一、软件下载及环境配置

1.软件下载

到http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/oci/instantclient/htdocs/winsoft.html 下载如下三个包：

现地址为：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/winsoft-085727.html

instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.4.zip

instantclient-jdbc-win32-10.2.0.4.zip

instantclient-sqlplus-win32-10.2.0.4.zip

将这三个包分别解压，然后内容放到C:\instantclient_10_2下

然后从一台安装了oem的机器上复制%ORACLE_HOME\network\admin\tnsnames.ora也放到C:\instantclient_10_2中

从http://www.anysql.net/software/ociuldr.zip下载coiuldr.zip，解压后里面有windows，linux，

solaris三个版本，将ociuldr.exe 复制到C:\instantclient_10_2，其中ociuldr.exe 是一个文本导出工具，具体参数可以参考http://www.anysql.net/ociuldr.html介绍

2.环境变量的设置

在PATH中增加;C:\instantclient_10_2；

新建SQLPATH，LOCAL，TNS_ADMIN，LD_LIBRARY_PATH四个环境变量名，变量值均为C:\instantclient_10_2；

如果查询结果为乱码，设置set NLS_LANG=XXXX（例如SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK）

3. 如果开发JAVA应用程序，还要配置一些环境变量,

例如CLASSPATH,JAVA_HOME等等. CLASSES12.jar 文件是

必须的，其他的根据需要添加.

4. 如果启动SQLPLUS时出现下面的错误:

ORA-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist

试着把tnsnames.ora 中的host 改成IP地址。

二、运行

运行cmd

c:>sqlplus /nolog

SQL:>conn system/oracle@orc10g

这样就已经能连接远程服务器了

也可以这么连接：

conn system/oracle@//192.168.1.179:1521/orc10g连接

C:\instantclient_10_2>sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Nov 27 14:45:51 2008Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

SQL> conn system/oracle@//192.168.1.179:1521/orc10g

Connected.

      

下面看一下ociuldr应用的方法：

C:\instantclient_10_2>ociuldr user=system/oracle@orc10g query="select username from dba_users" file=dba_users.txt

1550 bytes allocated for column USERNAME (1)

0 rows exported at 2008-11-27 14:49:44

29 rows exported at 2008-11-27 14:49:44

output file dba_users.txt closed at 29 rows.这样查询结果就输出到dba_user.txt文件里面了。

配置tnsnames.ora和sqlnet.ora.。如果本机找不到示例文件，就从其他装有oracle的机器上拷一个。

我拷贝了10g和9i版本下各一份：

10g下tnsnames.ora内容

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: C:\oracle\product\10.1.0\Db_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORC10G =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = database007)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orc10g)

)

)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

)

10g下sqlnet.ora的内容

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: C:\oracle\product\10.1.0\Db_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

9i版本下的内容

# TNSNAMES.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORA9I_192.168.2.206 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.206)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = ora9i)

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

)

)

WS_192.168.1.101 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.101)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = ws)

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

)

)

ORA9I_192.168.2.50 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.50)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = ora9i)

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

)

)

9下sqlnet.ora的内容

# SQLNET.ORA Network Configuration File: d:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)