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如何使用 Javascript 将图标字体渲染为图片

前言

在软件开发中肯定要用到图标,比如下图的 Groove 音乐中就用到了许多图标。一种获取这些图标的方法是把 Groove 音乐截个图,然后熟练地开启 Photoshop,开始抠图。这种方式很逊,效率也很低(虽然我刚开始就是这么干的)。

Groove

如果打开 C:/Program Files/WindowsApps(需要修改权限才能进入),可以发现几个名字里带 ZuneMusic 的文件夹,其中的某一个文件夹中会有字体文件 SegMVR2.ttf。这是一个图标字体文件,双击安装之后,打开 Windows 自带的字符映射表应用,将字体换为 Segoe MVR MDL2 Assets,可以看到里面的字符其实就是图标。其实可以用 Metro Studio 将这些字体导出为 png、svg 等格式的图片,但是 Metro Studio 导出的字符看起来很细,也无法分别控制上下和左右的内边距,所以这里改用 Javascript 操作 canvas 绘制图标,然后导出为 png。

字符映射表

实现方式

在 CodePen 上已经有人给出了将 Microsoft 开源的 Fabric UI Icon 渲染为 png 图片的 demo,效果很不错。阅读源代码之后可以发现,他在 getFontIconCharacter() 先创建了一个临时的元素,根据想要的图标的名字设置元素的 className,获取::before 伪元素的 content 中字符的 Unicode,接着在 drawIcon() 中使用 context.fillText() 方法绘制字符,最后 canvas.toDataURL() 就能将 canvas 的内容转换为 base64 格式的图片。

可以看到,对于自定义的的字体,我们只需知道字符的 Unicode,就能实现导出功能。

html

html 和 coepen 中的几乎完全一样,唯一不同的地方就是将 font-class 换成了 font-unicode,因为我们只有字符的 unicode。

<html>

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="index.css">
    <title>iconfont to png</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="ms-Grid" dir="ltr">
        <h1 class="ms-font-su">Render Office Fabric UI Icons into Canvas</h1>
        <p>This is a simple tool to render an icon from the <a class="ms-fontColor-blueLight"
                href="https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/fabric#/styles/icons">Office Fabric UI icon font</a> into an
            HTML <code>&lt;canvas&gt;</code> with a background color. Right-click and save the image to use it.</p>
        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-sm12 ms-lg6">
                <h2 class="ms-font-xxl">Icon/Canvas Specifications</h2>
                <form id="form">
                    <div class="ms-Grid">
                        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="font-unicode">Icon unicode</label>
                                <input type="text" name="fontClass" id="font-unicode"
                                    placeholder="e.g. ms-Icon ms-Icon-Warning" value="E768">
                            </div>
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="font-size">Font size (px)</label>
                                <input type="number" step="1" min="1" name="fontSize" id="font-size"
                                    placeholder="e.g. 60" value="56">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="image-width">Image width (px)</label>
                                <input type="number" step="1" min="0" name="imageWidth" id="image-width"
                                    placeholder="e.g. 80" value="92">
                            </div>
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="image-height">Image height (px)</label>
                                <input type="number" step="1" min="0" name="imageHeight" id="image-height"
                                    placeholder="e.g. 80" value="92">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="left-offset">Left offset</label>
                                <input type="number" step="1" name="leftOffset" id="left-offset" placeholder="e.g. 40"
                                    value="46">
                            </div>
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="top-offset">Top offset</label>
                                <input type="number" step="1" name="topOffset" id="top-offset" placeholder="e.g. 40"
                                    value="46">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="bg-color">Background color</label>
                                <input type="text" name="bgColor" id="bg-color" placeholder="e.g. #777777"
                                    value=#777777>
                            </div>
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-md6">
                                <label for="icon-color">Icon color</label>
                                <input type="text" name="iconColor" id="icon-color" placeholder="e.g. #FFFFFF"
                                    value=#FFFFFF>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="ms-Grid-row">
                            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-sm12">
                                <label><input type="checkbox" checked name="shape" id="shape"> Use a circle as the
                                    background fill</label>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>

                    <input type="submit"
                        class="ms-button ms-bgColor-themeDark ms-bgColor-themeDarker--hover ms-fontColor-white"
                        value="Render Font Icon">

                    <p>If the icon does not render immediately, wait a few seconds and press the <b>Render</b> button
                        again; the webfont may still be loading.</p>

                </form>
            </div>
            <div class="ms-Grid-col ms-sm12 ms-lg6">
                <h2 class="ms-font-xxl">Result</h2>

                <div class="canvas-container">
                    <canvas id="canvas" width="92" height="92"></canvas>
                </div>

                <p><a id="download-link"
                        class="ms-button ms-bgColor-themeDark ms-bgColor-themeDarker--hover ms-fontColor-white"
                        target="_blank"><i class="ms-Icon ms-Icon--Download"></i> Download the image</a></p>
                <label for="dataURL">Data URL</label>
                <input id="dataURL" type="text">
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
<script src="index.js"></script>

</html>

css

与 codepen 中的代码相比,这里只是多了一个 @font-face 声明要使用的字体。图标的下载地址在 蓝奏云,密码为 abcr

@import url(https://static2.sharepointonline.com/files/fabric/office-ui-fabric-core/11.0.0/css/fabric.min.css);

@font-face {
    font-family: 'Segoe MVR MDL2 Assets';
    src: url('SegoeMVRMDL2Assets.ttf') format('truetype');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}

html {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

*,
*:before,
*:after {
    box-sizing: inherit;
}

body {
    font-family: "Segoe UI", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
    background-color: #0078d4;
    color: white;
}

.ms-Grid {
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 16px;
    max-width: 1280px;
}

.ms-Grid-row {
    margin-left: -16px;
    margin-right: -16px;
}

.ms-Grid-col {
    padding: 0 16px;
}

label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

input {
    border: none;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 2em;
    padding: 5px;
    width: 100%;
    font-size: 16px;
}

input[type="checkbox"] {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0;
    width: auto;
}

input[type="button"],
input[type="submit"],
.ms-button {
    cursor: pointer;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.75em 2em;
    text-decoration: none;
    width: auto;

}

.ms-button .ms-Icon {
    transform: translateY(2px);
}

.canvas-container {
    background-color: white;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 1em;
    padding: 10px;
    width: auto;
}

#canvas {
    color: black;
    font-family: FabricMDL2Icons;
}

js

这里我们主要修改了 getFontIconCharacter() 函数,直接根据输入框的内容返回字符的 Unicode。

const form = document.getElementById("form");
const canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
const context = canvas.getContext("2d");
const download = document.getElementById("download-link");
const dataURL = document.getElementById("dataURL");
const fontFamily = "Segoe MVR MDL2 Assets";

function getFontIconCharacter(unicode) {
    return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(unicode, 16));
}

function drawCircle() {
    var centerX = canvas.width / 2;
    var centerY = canvas.height / 2;
    var radius = canvas.width / 2;
    context.beginPath();
    context.arc(centerX, centerY, radius, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false);
    context.fillStyle = document.getElementById("bg-color").value || "#777777";
    context.fill();
}

function drawRect() {
    context.fillStyle = document.getElementById("bg-color").value || "#777777";
    context.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}

function drawIcon() {
    canvas.width = parseInt(document.getElementById("image-width").value, 10) || 92;
    canvas.height = parseInt(document.getElementById("image-height").value, 10) || 92;
    context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
    if (document.getElementById("shape").checked) {
        drawCircle();
    } else {
        drawRect();
    }
    context.fillStyle = document.getElementById("icon-color").value || "#FFFFFF";
    let fontUnicode = document.getElementById("font-unicode").value,
        fontSize = document.getElementById("font-size").value || 280,
        topOffset = document.getElementById("top-offset").value || 210,
        leftOffset = document.getElementById("left-offset").value || 210;
    context.font = `${fontSize}px ${fontFamily}`;
    context.textAlign = "center";
    context.textBaseline = "middle";
    context.fillText(getFontIconCharacter(fontUnicode), parseInt(leftOffset, 10), parseInt(topOffset, 10));
    dataURL.value = canvas.toDataURL();

}

window.addEventListener('load', function () {
    drawIcon();
});

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
    context.font = "10px " + fontFamily;
    context.fillText("...", 0, 0);
});

form.addEventListener("submit", function (event) {
    event.preventDefault();
    drawIcon();
});

download.addEventListener("click", function (event) {
    if (typeof this.download !== "undefined") {
        this.href = canvas.toDataURL();
        this.download = `${document.getElementById("font-unicode").value}.png`;
    } else {
        event.preventDefault();
        alert("Your browser does not support downloading a canvas image. Please right-click on the image to save it.");
    }
});

dataURL.addEventListener("focus", function (event) {
    dataURL.select();
});

效果

打开 html 之后如下图所示,只需修改 Icon unicode,再点击 Render Font Icon 按钮,就能在右侧的画布中看到图标,点击 Download the image 按钮就能下载图标了。

效果

posted @ 2022-05-11 10:50  之一Yo  阅读(1076)  评论(7编辑  收藏  举报