【MySQL】多表查询7种SQL JOIN的实现

目录

• 两个表关联有这7种情况
• 1.内连接
• 2.左外连接
• 3.右外连接
• 4.A-A ∩ B
• 5.B-A ∩ B
• 6.满外连接
• 7.去除交集部分

两个表关联有这7种情况

1.内连接

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`;

2.左外连接

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`;

3.右外连接

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`;

4.A-A ∩ B

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE d.`department_id` IS NULL;

5.B-A ∩ B

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE e.`department_id` IS NULL;

6.满外连接

两种方式取并集

方式一：

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
UNION ALL
SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE e.`department_id` IS NULL;

方式二：

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE d.`department_id` IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`;

7.去除交集部分

这两个取并集

SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE d.`department_id` IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT employee_id,department_name
FROM employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d
ON e.`department_id` = d.`department_id`
WHERE e.`department_id` IS NULL;