Linux之DNS服务器配置

域名系统(服务)协议(DNS)是一种分布式网络目录服务，主要用于域名与 IP 地址的相互转换，以及控制因特网的电子邮件的发送。

配置DNS服务器

1.安装DNS软件包

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep bind      \\检查是否安装DNS服务相关软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bind    \\如果没有安装，设置联网后yum安装bind包

2.修改配置文件

#修改和创建三个配置文件：
##全局配置文件/etc/named.conf
##正向解析文件/var/named/hbliti.com.file
##反向解析文件/var/named/192.168.100.file

#全局配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
	listen-on port 53 { any; };        #修改成{}内容为any
	listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
	directory 	"/var/named";
	dump-file 	"/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
	statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
	memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
	recursing-file  "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
	secroots-file   "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
	allow-query     { any; };           #修改成{}内容为any

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";     #该文件是named.conf包含的文件，属于named.conf。如修改此文件名，后面要跟着修改。
include "/etc/named.root.key";          #同上

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones   \\如果named.conf中修改了文件名，这里跟着修改。

zone "hbliti.com" IN {                        #可以删除原有内容只增加正向解析
        type master;
        file "hbliti.com.file";
        allow-update { none; };
};
zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {           #增加反向解析
        type master;
        file "192.168.100.file";
        allow-update { none; };
};

[root@localhost etc]# vim /var/named/hbliti.com.file
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  @ hbliti.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
@	IN	NS		dns.hbliti.com.
@	IN	MX	10	mail.hbliti.com.

dns     IN      A       192.168.100.254
www     IN      A       192.168.100.254
ftp     IN      A       192.168.100.253
data    IN      A       192.168.100.253
mail    IN      A       192.168.100.254

[root@localhost etc]# vim /var/named/192.168.100.file
$TTL 1D
@	IN SOA	@ hbliti.com. (
					0	; serial
					1D	; refresh
					1H	; retry
					1W	; expire
					3H )	; minimum
@	IN 	NS		dns.hbliti.com.
@	IN	MX	10	mail.hbliti.com.
254	IN	PTR	dns.hbliti.com.
254	IN	PTR	www.hbliti.com.
254	IN	PTR	mail.hbliti.com.
253	IN	PTR	ftp.hbliti.com.
253	IN	PTR	data.hbliti.com.

[root@localhost etc]# systemctl start named.service       #启动时如果出现下面错误提示，检查三个配置文件编写内容的错误，改正后一般可解决。
Job for named.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status named.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

[root@localhost etc]# systemctl restart named.service     #重启DNS服务
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测试DNS服务

修改windows系统网卡的DNS地址为192.168.100.254，虚拟dos下运行nslookup命令即可进行测试。