es学习(二)：基本操作
集群健康
请求
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/_cluster/health
结果
{
"cluster_name": "kevin-elasticsearch",
"status": "green",
"timed_out": false,
"number_of_nodes": 1,
"number_of_data_nodes": 1,
"active_primary_shards": 5,
"active_shards": 5,
"relocating_shards": 0,
"initializing_shards": 0,
"unassigned_shards": 0,
"delayed_unassigned_shards": 0,
"number_of_pending_tasks": 0,
"number_of_in_flight_fetch": 0,
"task_max_waiting_in_queue_millis": 0,
"active_shards_percent_as_number": 100.0
}
创建索引
请求
PUT http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str
{
"settings": {
"index": {
"number_of_shards": "2",
"number_of_replicas": "0"
}
}
}
结果：
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "index_str"
}
查看索引
请求
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/_cat/indices?v
结果
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green open index_demo xUOiKc5QT5-UWWcJjqRkIw 5 0 0 0 1.3kb 1.3kb
green open index_str BniDy5eJQ26Qg26oRbz_Rg 2 0 0 0 460b 460b
删除索引
DELETE http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str
结果
{
"acknowledged": true
}
索引的mappings映射
索引分词概念
index：默认true，设置为false的话，那么这个字段就不会被索引
创建索引的同时创建mappings
请求
PUT http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"realname": {
"type": "text",
"index": true
},
"username": {
"type": "keyword",
"index": false
}
}
}
}
返回
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "index_str"
}
查看分词效果
请求
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str/_analyze
{
"field": "realname",
"text": "kevin is god"
}
结果
{
"tokens": [
{
"token": "kevin",
"start_offset": 0,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "<ALPHANUM>",
"position": 0
},
{
"token": "is",
"start_offset": 6,
"end_offset": 8,
"type": "<ALPHANUM>",
"position": 1
},
{
"token": "god",
"start_offset": 9,
"end_offset": 12,
"type": "<ALPHANUM>",
"position": 2
}
]
}
修改mappings
请求
POST http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str/_mapping
{
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "long"
}
}
}
结果
{
"acknowledged": true
}
某个属性一旦被建立，就不能修改了，但是可以新增额外属性
为已存在的索引创建mappings
请求
POST http://192.168.247.8:9200/index_str/_mapping
{
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "long"
},
"age": {
"type": "integer"
},
"nickname": {
"type": "keyword"
}
}
}
结果
{
"acknowledged": true
}
主要数据类型
- text, keyword
- long, integer, short, byte
- double, float
- boolean
- date
- object
- 数组不能混，类型一致
字符串
- text：文字类需要被分词被倒排索引的内容，比如商品名称，商品详情，商品介绍，使用text。
- keyword：不会被分词，不会被倒排索引，直接匹配搜索，比如订单状态，用户qq，微信号，手机号等，这些精确匹配，无需分词。
添加文档数据
POST /my_doc/_doc/1 -> {索引名}/_doc/{索引ID}（是指索引在es中的id，而不是这条记录的id，比如记录的id从数据库来是1001，并不是这个。如果不写，则自动生成一个字符串。建议和数据id保持一致> ）
{
"id": 1001,
"name": "kevin-1",
"desc": "kevin is very good, 渣渣猿非常牛！",
"create_date": "2019-12-24"
}
返回
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
文档修改
局部修改
请求
POST http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/2/_update
{
"doc":{
"name":"maomao"
}
}
返回
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_version": 2,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1
}
全量替换
请求
PUT http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/2
{
"id": 1002,
"name": "kevin_2",
"desc": "我是渣渣猿,紧紧抱住坤哥大腿！",
"create_date": "2020-02-04"
}
结果
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 2,
"_primary_term": 1
}
注意：每次修改后，version都会更改
删除文档
请求
DELETE http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/2
返回
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_version": 4,
"result": "deleted",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 1
}
查询
查询文档
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/1
# 结果
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 2,
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "毛毛",
"desc": "kevin is very good, 渣渣猿非常牛！",
"create_date": "2019-12-24"
}
}
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/_search
# 结果
{
"took": 17,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "毛毛",
"desc": "kevin is very good, 渣渣猿非常牛！",
"create_date": "2019-12-24"
}
}
]
}
}
- _index：文档数据所属那个索引，理解为数据库的某张表即可。
- _type：文档数据属于哪个类型，新版本使用_doc。
- _id：文档数据的唯一标识，类似数据库中某张表的主键。可以自动生成或者手动指定。
- _score：查询相关度，是否契合用户匹配，分数越高用户的搜索体验越高。
- _version：版本号。
- _source：文档数据，json格式。
定制结果集
GET http://192.168.247.8:9200/my_doc/_doc/1?_source=id,name
# 结果
{
"_index": "my_doc",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 2,
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"name": "毛毛",
"id": 1001
}
}
GET /index_demo/_doc/_search?_source=id,name
判断文档是否存在
HEAD /index_demo/_doc/1
查看返回状态
好了，这篇先学习到这。玩的开心！
