mysql的命令二

1.插入数据

格式一:insert into table_name valuse (字段1,字段2);

insert test1 values ('wangsan',22,'male');

格式二:insert into table_name valuse (字段1,字段2);

insert into test1 values ('lisi',22,'male');

格式三:只插入某一个属性insert into table_name (字段名)  values  (字段属性);

例子:insert into test1 (gender)  values ('male');

2.更新属性

格式:update table_name set 需要改的字段名=改后的字段名   where  条件;

update test1 set name='zhao' where age=22;  #修改名为age=22的信息为zhao

3.想清空表数据但是要保存表数据

mysql> truncate table test1;
#清空test1表数据,保留表结构

mysql> select * from test1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)   #数据库内空

mysql> desc test1;    #查看表结构
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field  | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name   | char(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age    | int(99)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| gender | char(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.数据库一些配置文件

主配置文件:/etc/my.cnf

数据库目录:/var/lib/mysql

服务启动日志目录:/var/log/mysqld.log

端口号:3306

程序名:mysqld

传输协议:tcp

socket地址:支持远程通信ip:3306       仅支持本地通信:/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

 

5.mysql约束条件

例子:create table test2  (name char(30)not null,age tinyint(10));
mysql> insert into test2 (age) values (8); ERROR 1364 (HY000): Field 'name' doesn't have a default value #name的值不能为空

 

primary key主键,值不能重复且不能为null

mysql> alter table test2 add id tinyint(30)primary key;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc test2;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name  | char(30)    | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | int(10)     | YES  |     | 5       |       |
| id    | tinyint(30) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

6.mysql索引

 

index普通索引
unqiue唯一索引
fulltest模糊索引,仅支持char ,varchar,test
primary key主键
foreign key外键

创建表同时创建索引
create table db1 (name char(30),id tinyint(1) index(id));
给已存在的表添加主键
alter table db1 add primary key(age);

posted @ 2021-08-09 16:40  多次拒绝黄宗泽  阅读(36)  评论(0)    收藏  举报