SpringBoot生成验证码
一、使用AWT
1、定义工具类(Util)：CreateValidateCode
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.Random; /** * @author zhangzhixi */ public class CreateValidateCode { private BufferedImage image;// 图像 private String str;// 验证码 // 字符串转char数组 private static char code[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ123456789".toCharArray(); public static final String SESSION_CODE_NAME = "code"; public CreateValidateCode() { init();// 初始化属性 } /* * 取得RandomNumUtil实例 */ public static CreateValidateCode Instance() { return new CreateValidateCode(); } /* * 取得验证码图片 */ public BufferedImage getImage() { return this.image; } /* * 取得图片的验证码 */ public String getString() { return str.toLowerCase(); } private void init() { // 在内存中创建图象 int width = 60, height = 20; BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // 获取图形上下文 Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); // 生成随机类 Random random = new Random(); // 设定背景色 g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250)); g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 设定字体 g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18)); // 随机产生155条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到 g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200)); for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); int xl = random.nextInt(12); int yl = random.nextInt(12); g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl); } // 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字) String sRand = ""; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { String rand = String.valueOf(code[random.nextInt(code.length)]); sRand += rand; // 将认证码显示到图象中 g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110))); // 调用函数出来的颜色相同，可能是因为种子太接近，所以只能直接生成 g.drawString(rand, 13 * i + 6, 16); } // 赋值验证码 this.str = sRand; // 图象生效 g.dispose(); /* 赋值图像 */ this.image = image; } /** * @param fc * @param bc * @return 给定范围获得随机颜色 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { Random random = new Random(); if (fc > 255) { fc = 255; } if (bc > 255) { bc = 255; } int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); return new Color(r, g, b); } }
2、Controller层
@Controller public class MyController { //验证码 @RequestMapping("/getCode") public void getValidateCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { //创建输出流 OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); //获取session HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //获取验证码 CreateValidateCode createValidateCode = new CreateValidateCode(); String generateVerifyCode = createValidateCode.getString(); //将验证码存入session，做登录验证 session.setAttribute("code", generateVerifyCode); System.out.println("验证码为：" + generateVerifyCode); //获取验证码图片 BufferedImage image = createValidateCode.getImage(); ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputStream); //关流 outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); } }
二、使用captcha-start
GitHub地址：https://github.com/aqiu202/captcha-spring-boot-starter
1.引入依赖
<!--验证码-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.aqiu202</groupId>
<artifactId>captcha-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>0.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--模板引擎-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringBootWeb开发依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.配置文件：application.yaml
captcha:
height: 40 #图片高度
width: 100 #图片宽度
has-border: true #设置图片为有边框
noise: #噪化方式先阴影，再添加曲线，再扭曲变形最后添加噪点
styles:
- SHADOW
- LINE
- SHEAR
- POINT
3.controller：VerifyCodeController.java
package com.zhixi.controller;
import com.github.code.aqiu202.captcha.CaptchaProducer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @ClassName VerifyCodeController
* @Author zhangzhixi
* @Description
* @Date 2022-1-13 10:18
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Validated
@Controller
public class VerifyCodeController {
@Autowired
private CaptchaProducer producer;
/*表单*/
@PostMapping("/userRegister")
public String userRegister(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
Model model,
@RequestParam("username") String userName,
@RequestParam("password") String passwd,
@RequestParam("yzmInput") String yzmInput,
@RequestParam("userage") Integer age) {
String code = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("CODE");
System.out.println(yzmInput);
if ("".equals(yzmInput)) {
model.addAttribute("codeErr", "请输入验证码！");
return "index";
}
/*判断验证码是否正确*/
if (yzmInput != null && code != null) {
if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(yzmInput)) {
model.addAttribute("codeErr", "验证码错误！");
return "index";
}
}
return "sucess";
}
/**
* 获取验证码
**/
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/verify-code/code")
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
/*随机生成验证码*/
String text = this.producer.createText();
/*将验证码放到session中*/
req.getSession().setAttribute("CODE", text);
/*写入到浏览器中*/
this.producer.writeToResponse(text, resp);
}
}
4.index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/userRegister" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" id="name" name="username" /><br>
密码：<input type="password" id="password" name="password" /><br>
年龄：<input type="text" id="age" name="userage" /><br>
<div th:text="${codeErr}" style="color: red"></div><br>
验证码：<input type="text" name="yzmInput"/><img onclick="changeCode(this)" id="codeJPG" name="yzm" src="/verify-code/code" style="cursor:pointer;" /> <br>
<input type="submit" name="提交"/>
</form>
<div>
<script>
function changeCode(obj) {
obj.src = "/verify-code/code?" + Math.random();
}
</script>
</div>
</body>
</html>
5.success.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
恭喜您注册成功
</body>
</html>
三、使用封装好的工具类
1.导入pom
<!--验证码-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
<artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.controller层
package com.zhixi.controller;
import com.wf.captcha.ChineseGifCaptcha;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/code")
public class CodeController {
/**
* 生成验证码
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@GetMapping("/getCode")
public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
//算术验证码 数字加减乘除. 建议2位运算就行:captcha.setLen(2);
// ArithmeticCaptcha captcha = new ArithmeticCaptcha(120, 40);
// 中文验证码
// ChineseCaptcha captcha = new ChineseCaptcha(120, 40);
// 英文与数字验证码
// SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(120, 40);
//英文与数字动态验证码
// GifCaptcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(120, 40);
// 中文动态验证码
ChineseGifCaptcha captcha = new ChineseGifCaptcha(120, 40);
// 生成验证码的长度
captcha.setLen(5);
// 获取运算的结果s
String result = captcha.text();
System.out.println(result);
captcha.out(outputStream);
}
}
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