手动编译部署LNMP环境(CentOS7.5+Nginx-1.18.0+MySQL-5.7.30+PHP-7.4.14)
在平时运维工作中，经常需要用到LNMP应用框架。LNMP环境是指在Linux系统下，由Nginx + MySQL + PHP组成的网站服务器架构。
可参考前面的文章：
(1) CentOS7.5
(系统最小化安装)
# 更改主机名
[root@localhost ~] # hostnamectl set-hostname --static lnmp-01 && exec bash
# 关闭SELinux
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # sed -i '7s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # setenforce 0
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # getenforce
Permissive
# 关闭firewalld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
# 查看内核版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # uname -r
3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64
# 安装基础软件
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y vim wget lsof net-tools tree curl lrzsz(2) Nginx-1.18.0
【官方下载站点：源码包，rpm包，版本号A.B.C，B是偶数为稳定版；奇数则为开发版】【官方站点：configure命令参数】
# 查看是否已安装，有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | egrep nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum remove -y nginx.x86_64 nginx-xxx
# 创建nginx用户和目录
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mkdir -p /data/apps/nginx
# 安装nginx 编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls
nginx-1.18.0 nginx-1.18.0. tar .gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd nginx-1.18.0
# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点：configure命令参数】
[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # ./configure --help
[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # ./configure --prefix=/data/apps/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module
编译参数解析
--prefix= 安装目录路径
--user= 用户
--group= 组
--with-http_ssl_module 支持HTTPS协议
--with-http_flv_module 支持Flash视频
--with-http_stub_status_module 提供访问的状态信息
--with-http_gzip_static_module 支持 gzip 压缩文件
[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # make -j 4 && make install #make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译： cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l
# 将nginx命令添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "export PATH=/data/apps/nginx/sbin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
# nginx命令语法及参数
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx -h
nginx version: nginx /1 .18.0
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
- v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /data/apps/nginx/ )
-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf /nginx .conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
# 测试启动nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -ntupl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1098 /nginx : master
# 访问nginx测试页面
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # curl 127.0.0.1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
< head >
<title>Welcome to nginx!< /title >
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
< /style >
< /head >
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!< /h1 > # 安装正常会显示如下内容
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.< /p >
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href= "http://nginx.org/" >nginx.org< /a >.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href= "http://nginx.com/" >nginx.com< /a >.< /p >
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.< /em >< /p >
< /body >
< /html >
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx -s stop
# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
# 添加以下内容
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile= /data/apps/nginx/logs/nginx .pid # 自定义项
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621
ExecStartPre= /usr/bin/rm -f /data/apps/nginx/logs/nginx .pid # 自定义项
ExecStartPre= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /data/apps/nginx/conf/nginx .conf # 自定义项
ExecStart= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx # 自定义项
ExecReload= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 自定义项
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp= true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 启动nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl daemon-reload
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl start|stop|restart|reload nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nutpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9714 /nginx : master
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef |grep nginx
root 9714 1 0 11:46 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 9715 9714 0 11:46 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep nginx
nginx.service enabled(3) MySQL-5.7.30
【官方下载站点：源码/rpm包】【下载站点：boost_1_59_0】【官方站点：cmake选项参数】
# 查看是否已安装mariadb或mysql，有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | egrep 'mariadb|mysql'
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 @anaconda
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum remove -y mariadb-libs.x86_64
# 安装mysql编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel
# 若需下载其他版本，修改最后段版本号(30改为34)即可；推荐到官方站点下载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz # 地址1
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz # 地址2
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
--------------------------------- # 或下载带boost的包 ----------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.30.tar.gz # 地址1
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.30.tar.gz # 地址2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls
boost_1_59_0 boost_1_59_0. tar .gz mysql-5.7.30 mysql-5.7.30. tar .gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd mysql-5.7.30
# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点：cmake选项参数】
[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # cmake --help
[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX= /data/apps/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR= /data/apps/mysql/data_db \
-DSYSCONFDIR== /etc \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=bool \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=bool \
-DWITH_BOOST= /root/boost_1_59_0 \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all
======= 等待几分钟完成编译，末尾正常输出以下内容=========
......
-- INSTALL mysqlclient.pc lib /pkgconfig
-- Skipping deb packaging on unsupported platform .
-- CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE: RelWithDebInfo
-- COMPILE_DEFINITIONS: _GNU_SOURCE;_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64;HAVE_CONFIG_H
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS: -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Wwrite- strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS: -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-unused-parameter
-- CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_CXX_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO: -O3 -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DDBUG_OFF
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO: -O3 -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DDBUG_OFF
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/mysql-5 .7.30
参数说明：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX：mysql安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR：数据存放目录
-DEFAULT_CHARSET：数据库默认字符编码
-DWITH_SYSTEMD：提供systemd脚本
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE：允许从本文件导入数据
-DWITH_BOOST: boost源码路径
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS：支持额外字符集
----------------------------------------------------------------------
# 若cmake出错了，需根据下面操作，然后再重新编译安装。
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # find / -iname CMakeCache.txt
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # make clean
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # rm -f CMakeCache.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # make -j 4 && make install # make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译： cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysql -V
/data/apps/mysql/bin/mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.30, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
# 添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
# 创建mysql用户和目录并设置权限
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mkdir -p /data/apps/mysql/{data_db,logs,tmp}
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chown -R mysql:mysql /data/apps/mysql/{data_db,logs,tmp}
# 创建配置文件my.cnf
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character- set = utf8mb4
socket = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character- set = utf8mb4
socket = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
server- id = 1
user = mysql
basedir = /data/apps/mysql
datadir = /data/apps/mysql/data_db
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
socket = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock
log-error = /data/apps/mysql/logs/mysql-error .log
pid- file = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid
# 执行初始化
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/data/apps/mysql --datadir=/data/apps/mysql/data_db --user=mysql #(5.7以上版本)
# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # grep -Ev '^$|#' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation= man :mysqld(8)
Documentation=http: //dev .mysql.com /doc/refman/en/using-systemd .html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile= /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid # 自定义项
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly= true
ExecStartPre= /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
ExecStart= /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid $MYSQLD_OPTS # 自定义项
EnvironmentFile=- /etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp= false
# 启动mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl daemon-reload
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl start|stop|restart|reload mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nutpl | grep mysql
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 30472 /mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql 30472 1 0 12:33 ? 00:00:00 /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid
# 登录mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.30 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and /or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and /or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysql
mysqld.service enabled(4) PHP-7.4.14
【官方下载站点：源码包】【官方站点：comfigure选项参数】
# 查看是否已安装php，有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | grep php
# 安装mysql编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y epel-release
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel sqlite-devel libcurl-devel libpng-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel
# 下载指定版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.14.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf php-7.4.14.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd php-7.4.14
# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点：cmake选项参数】
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # ./configure --help
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # ./configure --prefix=/data/apps/php \
--with-config- file -path= /etc \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
-- enable -fpm \
--with-openssl \
-- enable -mbstring \
-- enable -sockets \
--with-freetype- dir \
--with-jpeg- dir \
--with-png- dir \
--with-libxml- dir = /usr \
-- enable -xml \
--with-zlib \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-bz2 \
--with-mhash
======= 等待几分钟完成编译，末尾正常输出以下内容=========
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
参数说明：
--prefix：安装目录
--with-config- file -path：配置文件位置
--with-fpm-user：进程管理器进程守护者
--with-fpm-group：进程管理器进程守护者的用户组
-- enable -fpm：进程管理器
......
--------------------------------------------------
# 若configure出错了，需清除原编译，然后再重新编译安装。
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # make clean
--------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # make -j 4 && make install # make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译： cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/php/bin/php -v
PHP 7.4.14 (cli) (built: Sep 8 2021 09:41:51) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologi
# 添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/php/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/php/sbin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/php.sh
-----------------------------------------------------------------
# 或可创建软连接
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ln -s /data/apps/php/bin/php /usr/local/bin/php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ln -s /data/apps/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/local/bin/php-fpm
# 创建php用户并设置目录权限
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chown -R www:www /data/apps/php
# 生成php服务脚本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp ~/php-7.4.14/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmd
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpmd
# 设置php-fpm配置文件
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
# 测试php配置文件语法是否正确
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # php-fpm -t
[08-Sep-2021 10:45:52] NOTICE: configuration file /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf test is successful
# 启动php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /etc/init.d/php-fpmd start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nuptl | grep php
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 63705 /php-fpm : mast
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef | grep php
root 63705 1 0 10:49 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process ( /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf)
www 63706 63705 0 10:49 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www 63707 63705 0 10:49 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile= /data/apps/php/var/run/php-fpm .pid # 自定义项
ExecStart= /data/apps/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf # 自定义项
ExecReload= /bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable php-fpm
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep php
php-fpm.service enable至此，手动编译部署LNMP环境(CentOS7.5+Nginx-1.18.0+MySQL-5.7.30+PHP-7.4.14)已完成。
附：YUM安装php【下载rpm包】
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install epel-release
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # rpm -ivh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
# 查看php所有版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*php*
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php54 .repo /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php72 .repo /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php80 .repo
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php70 .repo /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php73 .repo /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php81 .repo
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php71 .repo /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php74 .repo
# 选择适合的版本，这里选择php74
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum --enablerepo=remi install -y php74-php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum --enablerepo=remi install php74-php php74-php-gd php74-php-xml php74-php-sockets php74-php-session php74-php-snmp php74-php-mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # php74 -v
PHP 7.4.23 (cli) (built: Aug 24 2021 16:33:30) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
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作者：讲文张字
出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangwencheng
版权：本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出 原文链接
出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangwencheng
版权：本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出 原文链接
