CentOS7静默安装oracle11gR2

1.安装unzip 工具、vim编辑器

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install unzip vim

2.在/etc/hosts文件中添加本机IP跟主机名

[root@localhost ~]# echo "oracle.131" >> /etc/hostname

[root@localhost ~]# echo "10.162.144.67 PreOS-dell-22" >> /etc/hosts

3.关闭selinux ，编辑 /etc/selinux/config文件，设置SELINUX= enforcing 为SELINUX=disabled

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

#SELINUX=enforcing

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:

# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.

# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

4.关闭防火墙

（1）查看防火墙状态：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld

（2）停止防火墙：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

（3）关闭自启动防火墙服务：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

5.安装Oracle 11g依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static elfutils-libelf-devel ksh

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

6.添加oinstall 、dba 组，新建oracle用户并加入oinstall、dba组中

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

7.设置oracle用户登录密码

[root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully

8.查看Oracle用户信息

[root@localhost ~]# id oracle

uid=1000(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1001(dba)

9.修改内核参数，编辑 /etc/sysctl.conf，添加以下设置：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.con

io-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

10.让内核参数生效

[root@localhost ~]# sysctl –p

11.修改/etc/pam.d/login文件，添加以下设置

[root@localhost ~]# echo "session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login

[root@localhost ~]# echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login

12.修改/etc/profile文件，添加以下设置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

13.创建安装目录、修改文件权限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/inventory

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

14.上传oracle软件包到 /tmp目录下

解压oracle软件包

[root@localhost tmp]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip && unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

15.切换到oracle用户，设置oracle用户环境变量

[root@localhost database]# su - oracle

[[oracle@oracle ~]$ vim .bash_profile

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_SID=orcl

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

[oracle@oracle ~]$ source .bash_profile

16.编辑静默安装响应文件

（1）切换到root 用户进入oracle安装包解压后的目录 /tmp/database/response/下备份db_install.rsp文件。

[oracle@oracle ~]$ su

Password:

[root@oracle ~]# cd /tmp/database/response/

[root@oracle response]# ll

total 80

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 44533 Aug 27 2013 dbca.rsp

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25116 Aug 27 2013 db_install.rsp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5871 Aug 27 2013 netca.rsp

[root@oracle response]# cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak

[root@oracle response]# ll

total 108

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 44533 Aug 27 2013 dbca.rsp

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25116 Aug 27 2013 db_install.rsp

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25116 Mar 21 10:31 db_install.rsp.bak

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5871 Aug 27 2013 netca.rsp

（2）编辑 /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp文件，修改以下参数：

[root@oracle response]# vim db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle.131

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/inventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

17.根据响应文件安装oracle 11g

[root@oracle database]# su - oracle

Last login: Wed Mar 21 10:15:07 CST 2018 on pts/0

-bash: ulimit: max user processes: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /tmp/database/

[oracle@oracle database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 41520 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 2047 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-03-21_10-40-40AM. Please wait ...[oracle@oracle database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2018-03-21_10-40-40AM.log

开始Oracle在后台静默安装。安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在后台进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了。

出现以上界面，说明安装程序已在后台运行，此时再打开另外一个终端选项卡，输入提示的会话日志目录：

[root@oracle ~]# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2018-03-21_10-40-40AM.log

INFO: Installation in progress

INFO: Extracting files to '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'racfiles.jar'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'oracle.server_EE_dirs.lst'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'oracle.server_EE_filemap.jar'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'oracle.server_EE_1.xml'.

INFO: Performing fastcopy operations based on the information in the file 'setperms1.sh'.

INFO: Number of threads for fast copy :1

看到日志文件会持续输出安装信息没有输入异常信息，则表明安装过程正常。

待看到下内容部分，则表明安装已经完成

[oracle@oracle database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 41520 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 2047 MB Passed

CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2018-03-21_10-40-40AM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/silentInstall2018-03-21_10-40-40AM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. /u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh

2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

[oracle@oracle database]$

18.按照提示切换root用户运行脚本

[oracle@oracle database]$ su

Password:

[root@oracle database]# sh /u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/inventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/inventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[root@oracle database]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/install/root_oracle.131_2018-03-21_10-49-38.log for the output of root script

[root@oracle database]#

19.用oracle用户登录配置监听

[root@oracle database]# su - oracle

Last login: Wed Mar 21 10:42:32 CST 2018 from 192.168.106.1 on pts/1

-bash: ulimit: max user processes: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted

[oracle@oracle ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:

Parameter "silent" = true

Parameter "responsefile" = /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

Running Listener Control:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener Control complete.

Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

[oracle@oracle ~]$

注意：如出现“···DISPLAY····”则需要配置DISPLAY变量，配完之后重新netca。

成功运行后，会在/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/ 中生成listener.ora和sqlnet.ora两个文件。

查看监听端口：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/

[oracle@oracle admin]$ ll

total 12

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 366 Mar 21 10:51 listener.ora

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 64 Mar 21 10:41 samples

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 381 Dec 17 2012 shrept.lst

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 214 Mar 21 10:51 sqlnet.ora

[oracle@oracle admin]$ netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info

will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)

tcp6 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN 7177/tnslsnr

20.建立新库，同时建立对应的实例

切换到root用户，编辑 /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp，修改以下参数：

[oracle@oracle admin]$ su -

Password:

Last login: Wed Mar 21 10:48:54 CST 2018 on pts/0

[root@oracle ~]# vim /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION = /u01/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

21.进行静默配置

[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle

Last login: Wed Mar 21 10:51:18 CST 2018 on pts/0

-bash: ulimit: max user processes: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted

[oracle@oracle ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

[oracle@oracle ~]$

22.完成建库后进行实例检查

[oracle@oracle ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

oracle 7576 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl

oracle 7578 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl

oracle 7580 1 3 11:10 ? 00:00:03 ora_vktm_orcl

oracle 7584 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl

oracle 7586 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl

oracle 7588 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl

oracle 7590 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl

oracle 7592 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl

oracle 7594 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl

oracle 7596 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl

oracle 7598 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl

oracle 7600 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl

oracle 7602 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl

oracle 7604 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl

oracle 7606 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl

oracle 7608 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl

oracle 7610 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl

oracle 7618 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl

oracle 7634 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl

oracle 7636 1 0 11:11 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl

oracle 7638 1 0 11:11 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl

23.查看监听状态

[oracle@oracle ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 21-MAR-2018 11:12:56

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

Start Date 21-MAR-2018 10:51:34

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 21 min. 21 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle.131)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@oracle ~]$

24.登录查看实例状态

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Mar 21 11:14:16 2018

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> startup

ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes

Fixed Size 2260088 bytes

Variable Size 331350920 bytes

Database Buffers 729808896 bytes

Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

SQL> select * from v$database;

DBID NAME CREATED RESETLOGS_CHANGE# RESETLOGS

---------- --------- --------- ----------------- ---------

至此，oracle 11g静默安装完成结束。

posted @ 2018-12-19 13:56 Kaichao 阅读(705) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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