Maven 打包

Maven内置变量说明：
 ${basedir} 项目根目录 
${project.build.directory} 构建目录，缺省为target 
${project.build.outputDirectory} 构建过程输出目录，缺省为target/classes 
${project.build.finalName} 产出物名称，缺省为${project.artifactId}-${project.version} 
${project.packaging} 打包类型，缺省为jar 
${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容

方式1

修改pom.xml增加如下内容

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.5</version>
    <configuration>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                <mainClass>com.sysware.HelloWorld</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

运行mvn clean package即可

特点：

这种方式虽然可以打包，但是不会将依赖包也添加进去。所以我认为这种方式的打包适合写一个工具，然后打成JAR包，导入其他工程使用，如果是一个单独运行的JAR包，则不适用。

方式2

在pom.xml增加如下内容

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.5</version>
    <configuration>
        <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
        <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
        </descriptorRefs>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <mainClass>com.juvenxu.mvnbook.helloworld.HelloWorld</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>assembly</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

运行mvn assembly:assembly （ 我自己使用mvn clean package也是可以的） 

这个方式和方式1不同，这种打包方式，将项目及所依赖的所有jar包打包成一个jar，让打出来的JAR包成为一个可独立运行的JAR包

方式3

<build>
    <finalName>test-${project.version}</finalName>
    <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
    <resources>
        <!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <targetPath>${project.build.directory}</targetPath>
            <!-- excludes和includes二选一使用即可 -->
            <!-- 不包含的文件，支持通配符 -->
            <excludes>
                <exclude>*.txt</exclude>
            </excludes>
            <!-- 包含的文件，支持通配符 -->
            <includes>
                <include>*.properties</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
    </resources>
    <plugins>
        <!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>
                <source>1.7</source>
                <target>1.7</target>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        <mainClass>com.eya.main.Hello</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 拷贝依赖的jar包到lib目录 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>copy</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <outputDirectory>
                            ${project.build.directory}/lib
                        </outputDirectory>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 解决资源文件的编码问题 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 打包source文件为jar文件(源码，可选) -->
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <attach>true</attach>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>compile</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

 方式3和方式3是比较复杂的打包方式，但是可以自己定义细节，比如需要哪些文件被打包，哪些文件不打包进去，哪些文件放到哪里等等。

方式4

<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.test.testguava.app.App</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                                <transformer
                                    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                    <resource>applicationContext.xml</resource>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                            <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
                            <shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>