Snowflake 全局唯一Id 生成

/// <summary>
    /// From: https://github.com/twitter/snowflake
    /// An object that generates IDs.
    /// This is broken into a separate class in case
    /// we ever want to support multiple worker threads
    /// per process
    /// </summary>
    public class IdWorker
    {
        private long workerId;
        private long datacenterId;
        private long sequence = 0L;

        private static long twepoch = 1288834974657L;

        private static long workerIdBits = 5L;
        private static long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
        private static long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)workerIdBits);
        private static long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)datacenterIdBits);
        private static long sequenceBits = 12L;

        private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
        private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
        private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
        private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)sequenceBits);

        private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
        private static object syncRoot = new object();

        public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId)
        {

            // sanity check for workerId
            if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
            }
            if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
            }
            this.workerId = workerId;
            this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
        }

        public long nextId()
        {
            lock (syncRoot)
            {
                long timestamp = timeGen();

                if (timestamp < lastTimestamp)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(string.Format("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
                }

                if (lastTimestamp == timestamp)
                {
                    sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
                    if (sequence == 0)
                    {
                        timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    sequence = 0L;
                }

                lastTimestamp = timestamp;

                return ((timestamp - twepoch) << (int)timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << (int)datacenterIdShift) | (workerId << (int)workerIdShift) | sequence;
            }
        }

        protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp)
        {
            long timestamp = timeGen();
            while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp)
            {
                timestamp = timeGen();
            }
            return timestamp;
        }

        protected long timeGen()
        {
            return (long)(DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc)).TotalMilliseconds;
        }
    }