使用poi读取word2007(.docx)中的复杂表格

最近工作需要做一个读取word(.docx)中的表格,并以html形式输出。这里使用了poi。

对于2007及之后的word文档,需要导入poi-ooxml-xxx.jar及其依赖包,如下图(图中为使用maven):pom.xml

 

 

对于简单表格,可以使用如下方式来获取每个表格的内容:

XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream("word.docx"));
// 获取所有表格
List<XWPFTable> tables = document.getTables();
for (XWPFTable table : tables) {
    // 获取表格的行
    List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();
    for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {
        // 获取表格的每个单元格
        List<XWPFTableCell> tableCells = row.getTableCells();
        for (XWPFTableCell cell : tableCells) {
             // 获取单元格的内容
             String text = cell.getText();
        }
    }
}

但是对于复杂表格(含合并的单元格),则无法正常处理。

于是继续上网查询,在stackoverflow查到如下生成含有合并的单元格的表格:

public class CreateWordTableMerge {

    static void mergeCellVertically(XWPFTable table, int col, int fromRow, int toRow) {
        for(int rowIndex = fromRow; rowIndex <= toRow; rowIndex++){
            CTVMerge vmerge = CTVMerge.Factory.newInstance();
            if(rowIndex == fromRow){
                // The first merged cell is set with RESTART merge value
                vmerge.setVal(STMerge.RESTART);
            } else {
                // Cells which join (merge) the first one, are set with CONTINUE
                vmerge.setVal(STMerge.CONTINUE);
            }
            XWPFTableCell cell = table.getRow(rowIndex).getCell(col);
            // Try getting the TcPr. Not simply setting an new one every time.
            CTTcPr tcPr = cell.getCTTc().getTcPr();
            if (tcPr != null) {
                tcPr.setVMerge(vmerge);
            } else {
                // only set an new TcPr if there is not one already
                tcPr = CTTcPr.Factory.newInstance();
                tcPr.setVMerge(vmerge);
                cell.getCTTc().setTcPr(tcPr);
            }
        }
    }

    static void mergeCellHorizontally(XWPFTable table, int row, int fromCol, int toCol) {
        for(int colIndex = fromCol; colIndex <= toCol; colIndex++){
            CTHMerge hmerge = CTHMerge.Factory.newInstance();
            if(colIndex == fromCol){
                // The first merged cell is set with RESTART merge value
                hmerge.setVal(STMerge.RESTART);
            } else {
                // Cells which join (merge) the first one, are set with CONTINUE
                hmerge.setVal(STMerge.CONTINUE);
            }
            XWPFTableCell cell = table.getRow(row).getCell(colIndex);
            // Try getting the TcPr. Not simply setting an new one every time.
            CTTcPr tcPr = cell.getCTTc().getTcPr();
            if (tcPr != null) {
                tcPr.setHMerge(hmerge);
            } else {
                // only set an new TcPr if there is not one already
                tcPr = CTTcPr.Factory.newInstance();
                tcPr.setHMerge(hmerge);
                cell.getCTTc().setTcPr(tcPr);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        XWPFDocument document= new XWPFDocument();

        XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
        XWPFRun run=paragraph.createRun();
        run.setText("The table:");

        //create table
        XWPFTable table = document.createTable(3,5);

        for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
            for (int col = 0; col < 5; col++) {
                table.getRow(row).getCell(col).setText("row " + row + ", col " + col);
            }
        }

        //create and set column widths for all columns in all rows
        //most examples don't set the type of the CTTblWidth but this
        //is necessary for working in all office versions
        for (int col = 0; col < 5; col++) {
            CTTblWidth tblWidth = CTTblWidth.Factory.newInstance();
            tblWidth.setW(BigInteger.valueOf(1000));
            tblWidth.setType(STTblWidth.DXA);
            for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
                CTTcPr tcPr = table.getRow(row).getCell(col).getCTTc().getTcPr();
                if (tcPr != null) {
                    tcPr.setTcW(tblWidth);
                } else {
                    tcPr = CTTcPr.Factory.newInstance();
                    tcPr.setTcW(tblWidth);
                    table.getRow(row).getCell(col).getCTTc().setTcPr(tcPr);
                }
            }
        }

        //using the merge methods
        mergeCellVertically(table, 0, 0, 1);
        mergeCellHorizontally(table, 1, 2, 3);
        mergeCellHorizontally(table, 2, 1, 4);

        paragraph = document.createParagraph();

        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("create_table.docx");
        document.write(out);

        System.out.println("create_table.docx written successully");
    }
}

运行一下确实可以实现,不过仍是一头雾水,对于其中的cTTc,tcPr,vMerge等属性仍是不知道是什么。

直到后来知道了Office Open XML (OOXML) ,可以将.docx文件后缀改为.zip,即可以使用解压软件打开,进入后有一个word文件夹,里面的document.xml即为word正文内容。

 

对于word中的上图行合并表格,对应的xml如下:

<w:tbl>
      <w:tblPr>
        <w:tblStyle w:val="a3"/>
        <w:tblW w:w="0" w:type="auto"/>
        <w:tblLook w:val="04A0" w:firstRow="1" w:lastRow="0" w:firstColumn="1" w:lastColumn="0" w:noHBand="0" w:noVBand="1"/>
      </w:tblPr>
      <w:tblGrid>
        <w:gridCol w:w="2765"/>
        <w:gridCol w:w="2765"/>
      </w:tblGrid>
      <w:tr w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidTr="000249EF">
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
            <w:vMerge w:val="restart"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidRDefault="00151AA4" w:rsidP="00915802">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>0,0</w:t>
            </w:r>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidRDefault="00151AA4">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>0,1</w:t>
            </w:r>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
      </w:tr>
      <w:tr w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidTr="000249EF">
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
            <w:vMerge/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidRDefault="00151AA4"/>
        </w:tc>
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="00151AA4" w:rsidRDefault="00151AA4">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>1,1</w:t>
            </w:r>
            <w:bookmarkStart w:id="0" w:name="_GoBack"/>
            <w:bookmarkEnd w:id="0"/>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
      </w:tr>
    </w:tbl>

看到这里,相信大家会理解了前面的tc,tcPr,vMerge等属性了吧。

其中w:tr表示的是表格的一行,tcPr代表的是一个单元格的属性。

具体可以参考:http://www.datypic.com/sc/ooxml/e-w_tbl-1.html

 

下面在给大家展示一下列合并的情况,大家也可以用来验证一下:

对应的xml:

<w:tbl>
      <w:tblPr>
        <w:tblStyle w:val="a3"/>
        <w:tblW w:w="0" w:type="auto"/>
        <w:tblLook w:val="04A0" w:firstRow="1" w:lastRow="0" w:firstColumn="1" w:lastColumn="0" w:noHBand="0" w:noVBand="1"/>
      </w:tblPr>
      <w:tblGrid>
        <w:gridCol w:w="2765"/>
        <w:gridCol w:w="2765"/>
      </w:tblGrid>
      <w:tr w:rsidR="006C0A9A" w:rsidTr="006C099A">
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="5530" w:type="dxa"/>
            <w:gridSpan w:val="2"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="006C0A9A" w:rsidRDefault="006C0A9A">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>0,0</w:t>
            </w:r>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
      </w:tr>
      <w:tr w:rsidR="006C0A9A" w:rsidTr="000249EF">
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="006C0A9A" w:rsidRDefault="006C0A9A">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>1,0</w:t>
            </w:r>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
        <w:tc>
          <w:tcPr>
            <w:tcW w:w="2765" w:type="dxa"/>
          </w:tcPr>
          <w:p w:rsidR="006C0A9A" w:rsidRDefault="006C0A9A">
            <w:r>
              <w:rPr>
                <w:rFonts w:hint="eastAsia"/>
              </w:rPr>
              <w:t>1,1</w:t>
            </w:r>
          </w:p>
        </w:tc>
      </w:tr>
    </w:tbl>

通过观察可以总结如下(使用poi提供的方法):

行合并情况:
CTTcPr tcpr = tables.get(0).getRow(2).getCell(0).getCTTc().getTcPr(); // 此属性每个单元格都有,为每个单元格的属性:tableCell.cellProperty
如果是行合并的第一行单元格,则: tcpr.getVMerge().getVal().toString() == "restart"
如果是行合并的其他行单元格,则: tcpr.getVMerge().getVal() == null
如果不是行合并的单元格,则: tcpr.getVMerge() == null

列合并情况:
CTTcPr tcpr = tables.get(0).getRow(2).getCell(0).getCTTc().getTcPr();
如果是列合并的第一列单元格,则:tcpr.getGridSpan().getVal()可以获取到这列单元格所占的行数
其他单元格:tcpr.getGridSpan() == null

 

这里有一个获取表格内容转为html的demo供大家参考。(https://github.com/zavier/ReadWordTable

 

也欢迎大家关注我的新博客:https://zhengw-tech.com/

 

posted on 2016-11-14 17:17  _路上  阅读(20970)  评论(7编辑  收藏  举报

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