2025.11.22总结
CS架构项目全解析
1.首先安装编译器配置环境，我这里安装的是visual studio 社区版2022
下载完编译器后配置c#环境，点击修改
下载红框勾选部分
2.项目的初始化
首先打开visual studio ，创建新项目
选择空项目
修改名字后创建
右键解决方案，添加新项目
直接点下一步，创建
这样就得到了服务器端的初始代码
继续右键解决方案，添加新项目
选择WPF应用程序，下一步创建好了
这里我修改了下名字方便识别
接下来是依赖的安装，和写初始化能启动的代码。visual studio依赖的安装比较麻烦。nug包管理器安装
客户端和服务器端的依赖需要分别安装
安装完之后就能成功连接数据库，
接下来写Server服务器端代码
appsettings.json用来配置数据库用户名密码，我这里使用的是mysql数据库
{
"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "server=localhost;database=UserManagementDB;user=root;password=123456;port=3306"
},
"Logging": {
"LogLevel": {
"Default": "Information",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
}
},
"AllowedHosts": "*"
}
Program.cs用来配置总的一些环境和策略
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using UserManagement.Server.Data;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// 添加服务到容器
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
// 添加MySQL数据库上下文 - 使用Pomelo提供程序
var connectionString = builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
builder.Services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseMySql(connectionString, ServerVersion.AutoDetect(connectionString)));
// 添加CORS策略允许客户端访问
builder.Services.AddCors(options =>
{
options.AddPolicy("AllowAll", policy =>
{
policy.AllowAnyOrigin()
.AllowAnyHeader()
.AllowAnyMethod();
});
});
var app = builder.Build();
// 配置HTTP请求管道
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI();
}
app.UseCors("AllowAll");
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllers();
// 初始化数据库
using (var scope = app.Services.CreateScope())
{
var dbContext = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ApplicationDbContext>();
// 确保数据库已创建
await dbContext.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
// 如果数据库为空，添加初始数据
}
Console.WriteLine("用户管理服务器启动成功！");
Console.WriteLine("API地址: https://localhost:5000");
Console.WriteLine("Swagger文档: https://localhost:5000/swagger");
app.Run();
ApplicationDbContext用来配置数据库，在这里配置好以后好像数据库表能自动写入数据库，
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using UserManagement.Server.Models;
namespace UserManagement.Server.Data
{
public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
{
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
: base(options)
{
}
public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Entity<User>(entity =>
{
entity.HasKey(e => e.Id);
entity.Property(e => e.Name).IsRequired().HasMaxLength(100);
entity.Property(e => e.Email).IsRequired().HasMaxLength(100);
entity.Property(e => e.Age).IsRequired();
});
}
}
}
接下来就是要写的实体类和controller接口
User.cs
namespace UserManagement.Server.Models
{
public class User
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
}
UserController.cs
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using UserManagement.Server.Data;
using UserManagement.Server.Models;
namespace UserManagement.Server.Controllers
{
[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class UserController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;
public UserController(ApplicationDbContext context)
{
_context = context;
}
// GET: api/user - 获取所有用户
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetUsers()
{
var users = await _context.Users.ToListAsync();
return Ok(users);
}
// GET api/user/5 - 根据ID获取用户
[HttpGet("{id}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetUser(int id)
{
var user = await _context.Users.FindAsync(id);
if (user == null)
return NotFound($"用户ID {id} 不存在");
return Ok(user);
}
// POST api/user - 创建新用户
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> CreateUser(User user)
{
// 自动生成ID
var maxId = await _context.Users.MaxAsync(u => (int?)u.Id) ?? 0;
user.Id = maxId + 1;
_context.Users.Add(user);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetUser), new { id = user.Id }, user);
}
// PUT api/user/5 - 更新用户
[HttpPut("{id}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateUser(int id, User updatedUser)
{
if (id != updatedUser.Id)
return BadRequest("ID不匹配");
var user = await _context.Users.FindAsync(id);
if (user == null)
return NotFound($"用户ID {id} 不存在");
user.Name = updatedUser.Name;
user.Email = updatedUser.Email;
user.Age = updatedUser.Age;
try
{
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
}
catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
{
if (!UserExists(id))
return NotFound();
else
throw;
}
return Ok(user);
}
// DELETE api/user/5 - 删除用户
[HttpDelete("{id}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteUser(int id)
{
var user = await _context.Users.FindAsync(id);
if (user == null)
return NotFound($"用户ID {id} 不存在");
_context.Users.Remove(user);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
return Ok(new { message = "用户删除成功", deletedUser = user });
}
private bool UserExists(int id)
{
return _context.Users.Any(e => e.Id == id);
}
}
}
这样基础的后端就能写好了
接下来写客户端client
一共2+2个文件，每一个都是界面和逻辑分开来写的，和安卓的开发很像
MainWindow.xaml
<Window x:Class="UserManagement.Client.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="用户管理系统 - 客户端"
Height="600"
Width="900"
WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen"
Background="#f0f0f0">
<Window.Resources>
<Style TargetType="Button">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="#007ACC"/>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"/>
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="10,5"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="5"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
<Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
</Style>
<Style TargetType="DataGrid">
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="10"/>
<Setter Property="IsReadOnly" Value="True"/>
<Setter Property="AutoGenerateColumns" Value="False"/>
<Setter Property="SelectionMode" Value="Single"/>
</Style>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!-- 标题区域 -->
<Border Grid.Row="0" Background="#2D2D30" Padding="15">
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="🐧 用户管理系统"
FontSize="28"
FontWeight="Bold"
Foreground="White"
HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="txtConnectionStatus"
Text="正在连接服务器..."
Foreground="#CCCCCC"
HorizontalAlignment="Center"
Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
<!-- 操作区域 -->
<Border Grid.Row="1" Background="White" Margin="10">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!-- 操作按钮 -->
<StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="10">
<Button x:Name="btnRefresh" Content="🔄 刷新用户列表" Click="BtnRefresh_Click" Width="120"/>
<Button x:Name="btnAdd" Content="➕ 添加用户" Click="BtnAdd_Click" Width="100"/>
<Button x:Name="btnEdit" Content="✏️ 编辑用户" Click="BtnEdit_Click" Width="100"/>
<Button x:Name="btnDelete" Content="🗑️ 删除用户" Click="BtnDelete_Click" Width="100" Background="#D9534F"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="txtUserCount" Text="用户数量: 0" Margin="20,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontWeight="Bold"/>
</StackPanel>
<!-- 用户列表 -->
<DataGrid x:Name="dgUsers"
Grid.Row="1"
AutoGenerateColumns="False"
SelectionChanged="DgUsers_SelectionChanged">
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="🔢 ID" Binding="{Binding Id}" Width="60"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="👤 姓名" Binding="{Binding Name}" Width="120"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="📧 邮箱" Binding="{Binding Email}" Width="200"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="🎂 年龄" Binding="{Binding Age}" Width="60"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="🆔 用户ID" Binding="{Binding Id}" Width="80"/>
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>
</Grid>
</Border>
<!-- 状态栏 -->
<StatusBar Grid.Row="2" Background="#E0E0E0">
<StatusBarItem>
<TextBlock x:Name="txtStatus" Text="就绪" FontWeight="Bold"/>
</StatusBarItem>
<Separator/>
<StatusBarItem>
<TextBlock x:Name="txtServerStatus" Text="服务器: 未连接"/>
</StatusBarItem>
<Separator/>
<StatusBarItem>
<TextBlock Text="API地址: https://localhost:7007"/>
</StatusBarItem>
</StatusBar>
</Grid>
</Window>
MainWindow.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
namespace UserManagement.Client
{
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
private const string BaseUrl = "https://localhost:7007/api/user";
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
// 配置HTTP客户端，忽略SSL证书验证（仅开发环境）
var handler = new HttpClientHandler();
handler.ServerCertificateCustomValidationCallback = (message, cert, chain, errors) => true;
_httpClient = new HttpClient(handler);
// 设置超时时间
_httpClient.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
// 程序启动时加载用户列表
Loaded += async (s, e) => await LoadUsers();
}
private async System.Threading.Tasks.Task LoadUsers()
{
try
{
txtStatus.Text = "🔄 正在加载用户数据...";
txtServerStatus.Text = "服务器: 连接中...";
var response = await _httpClient.GetAsync(BaseUrl);
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
var json = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
var users = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<List<User>>(json,
new JsonSerializerOptions { PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true });
dgUsers.ItemsSource = users;
txtUserCount.Text = $"用户数量: {users?.Count ?? 0}";
txtStatus.Text = "✅ 数据加载完成";
txtServerStatus.Text = "服务器: 已连接";
txtConnectionStatus.Text = $"✅ 已连接到服务器 - 共 {users?.Count ?? 0} 个用户";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
txtStatus.Text = "❌ 加载失败";
txtServerStatus.Text = "服务器: 连接失败";
txtConnectionStatus.Text = "❌ 无法连接到服务器，请确保服务器正在运行";
MessageBox.Show($"加载用户失败: {ex.Message}\n\n请检查：\n1. 服务器是否启动\n2. 网络连接是否正常",
"连接错误", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
}
}
private void BtnRefresh_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
_ = LoadUsers(); // 使用丢弃操作符避免警告
}
private void DgUsers_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
// 可以在这里添加选择改变的逻辑
}
private async void BtnAdd_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var dialog = new UserDialog();
if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
{
try
{
var user = dialog.User;
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(user);
var content = new StringContent(json, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
var response = await _httpClient.PostAsync(BaseUrl, content);
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
MessageBox.Show("✅ 用户添加成功！", "成功",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information);
await LoadUsers();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show($"❌ 添加用户失败: {ex.Message}", "错误",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
}
}
}
private async void BtnEdit_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (dgUsers.SelectedItem is User selectedUser)
{
var dialog = new UserDialog(selectedUser);
if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
{
try
{
var user = dialog.User;
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(user);
var content = new StringContent(json, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
var response = await _httpClient.PutAsync($"{BaseUrl}/{user.Id}", content);
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
MessageBox.Show("✅ 用户更新成功！", "成功",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information);
await LoadUsers();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show($"❌ 更新用户失败: {ex.Message}", "错误",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
}
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("⚠️ 请先选择一个要编辑的用户", "提示",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
}
}
private async void BtnDelete_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (dgUsers.SelectedItem is User selectedUser)
{
var result = MessageBox.Show(
$"⚠️ 确定要删除用户 [{selectedUser.Name}] 吗？\n此操作不可撤销！",
"确认删除",
MessageBoxButton.YesNo,
MessageBoxImage.Warning);
if (result == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
{
try
{
var response = await _httpClient.DeleteAsync($"{BaseUrl}/{selectedUser.Id}");
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
MessageBox.Show("✅ 用户删除成功！", "成功",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information);
await LoadUsers();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show($"❌ 删除用户失败: {ex.Message}", "错误",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
}
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("⚠️ 请先选择一个要删除的用户", "提示",
MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
}
}
}
public class User
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
}
UserDialog.xaml
<Window x:Class="UserManagement.Client.UserDialog"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="用户信息"
Height="300"
Width="400"
WindowStartupLocation="CenterOwner"
ResizeMode="NoResize"
Background="#f5f5f5">
<Border Margin="20" Background="White" CornerRadius="5" Padding="20">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<TextBlock Text="👤 姓名:" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,10" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="txtName" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Margin="0,0,0,10" Height="30" Padding="5"/>
<TextBlock Text="📧 邮箱:" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,10" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="txtEmail" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Margin="0,0,0,10" Height="30" Padding="5"/>
<TextBlock Text="🎂 年龄:" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,10" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="txtAge" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Margin="0,0,0,20" Height="30" Padding="5"/>
<StackPanel Grid.Row="4" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Right">
<Button x:Name="btnOk" Content="✅ 确定" Width="80" Margin="0,0,10,0" Click="BtnOk_Click" Background="#5CB85C"/>
<Button x:Name="btnCancel" Content="❌ 取消" Width="80" Click="BtnCancel_Click" Background="#D9534F"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Border>
</Window>
UserDialog.xaml.cs
using System.Windows;
namespace UserManagement.Client
{
public partial class UserDialog : Window
{
public User User { get; private set; }
public UserDialog(User user = null)
{
InitializeComponent();
if (user != null)
{
User = user;
txtName.Text = user.Name;
txtEmail.Text = user.Email;
txtAge.Text = user.Age.ToString();
Title = "✏️ 编辑用户信息";
}
else
{
User = new User();
Title = "➕ 添加新用户";
}
}
private void BtnOk_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(txtName.Text))
{
MessageBox.Show("请输入用户姓名", "验证错误", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
txtName.Focus();
return;
}
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(txtEmail.Text) || !txtEmail.Text.Contains("@"))
{
MessageBox.Show("请输入有效的邮箱地址", "验证错误", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
txtEmail.Focus();
return;
}
if (!int.TryParse(txtAge.Text, out int age) || age < 1 || age > 150)
{
MessageBox.Show("请输入有效的年龄（1-150）", "验证错误", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
txtAge.Focus();
return;
}
User.Name = txtName.Text.Trim();
User.Email = txtEmail.Text.Trim();
User.Age = age;
DialogResult = true;
Close();
}
private void BtnCancel_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
DialogResult = false;
Close();
}
}
}
这样服务器端和客户端的简单代码都写好了。
不过要是启动的话，还需要配置启动顺序，要先启动服务器，再启动客户端
配置完以后点启动。启动后会弹出三个窗口。
一个是客户端窗口
一个是服务器日志
还有一个是所有接口的界面，类似postman，可以调试接口通不通
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