实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践
实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践
一、实验目的
能够编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API实现特定网络功能；
能够编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。
二、实验环境
下载虚拟机软件Oracle VisualBox或VMware；
在虚拟机中安装Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64，并完整安装Mininet、OpenDaylight（Carbon版本）、Postman和Ryu；
三、实验要求
（一）基本要求
编写Python程序，调用OpenDaylight的北向接口实现以下功能
（1） 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑，并连接OpenDaylight；
（2） 下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。\
#!/usr/bin/python import requests from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth if __name__ == "__main__": url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/' headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} res = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print (res.content)
（3） 下发硬超时流表，实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。
JSON:
# timeout.json { "flow": [ { "id": "1", "match": { "in-port": "1", "ethernet-match": { "ethernet-type": { "type": "0x0800" } }, "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32" }, "instructions": { "instruction": [ { "order": "0", "apply-actions": { "action": [ { "order": "0", "drop-action": {} } ] } } ] }, "flow-name": "flow", "priority": "65535", "hard-timeout": "20", "cookie": "2", "table_id": "0" } ] }
# timeout.py import requests from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth if __name__ == "__main__": url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1' with open("./timeout.json") as file: str = file.read() headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} res = requests.put(url, str, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print (res.content)
（4） 获取s1上活动的流表数。
# getflow.py import requests from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth if __name__ == "__main__": url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node- inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics' headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} res = requests.get(url,headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print (res.content)
(2)编写Python程序，调用Ryu的北向接口实现以下功能
#!/usr/bin/python import requests if __name__ == "__main__": url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add' with open("./Ryuhardtime.json") as f: jstr = f.read() headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} res = requests.post(url, jstr, headers=headers) print (res.content)
JSON
{
"dpid": 1,
"cookie": 1,
"cookie_mask": 1,
"table_id": 0,
"hard_timeout": 20,
"priority": 65535,
"flags": 1,
"match":{
"in_port":1,
},
"actions":[
]
}
（3） 参考Ryu REST API的文档，基于VLAN实验的网络拓扑，编程实现相同的VLAN配置。
提示：拓扑生成后需连接Ryu，且Ryu应能够提供REST API服务
#topo.py from mininet.topo import Topo class MyTopo(Topo): def __init__(self): # initilaize topology Topo.__init__(self) self.addSwitch("s1") self.addSwitch("s2") self.addHost("h1") self.addHost("h2") self.addHost("h3") self.addHost("h4") self.addLink("s1", "h1") self.addLink("s1", "h2") self.addLink("s2", "h3") self.addLink("s2", "h4") self.addLink("s1", "s2") topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}
VLAN_ID Hosts
0 h1 h3
1 h2 h4
curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 1, "priority": 1, "match":{ "in_port": 1 }, "actions":[ { "type": "PUSH_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "SET_FIELD", "field": "vlan_vid", # Set VLAN ID "value": 4096 # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096) }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 3 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 1, "priority": 1, "match":{ "in_port": 2 }, "actions":[ { "type": "PUSH_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "SET_FIELD", "field": "vlan_vid", # Set VLAN ID "value": 4097 # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096) }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 3 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 1, "priority": 1, "match":{ "vlan_vid": 0 }, "actions":[ { "type": "POP_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 1 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 1, "priority": 1, "match":{ "vlan_vid": 1 }, "actions":[ { "type": "POP_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 2 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 2, "priority": 1, "match":{ "in_port": 1 }, "actions":[ { "type": "PUSH_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "SET_FIELD", "field": "vlan_vid", # Set VLAN ID "value": 4096 # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096) }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 3 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 2, "priority": 1, "match":{ "in_port": 2 }, "actions":[ { "type": "PUSH_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "SET_FIELD", "field": "vlan_vid", # Set VLAN ID "value": 4097 # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096) }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 3 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 2, "priority": 1, "match":{ "vlan_vid": 0 }, "actions":[ { "type": "POP_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 1 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add curl -X POST -d '{ "dpid": 2, "priority": 1, "match":{ "vlan_vid": 1 }, "actions":[ { "type": "POP_VLAN", # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged "ethertype": 33024 # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame }, { "type": "OUTPUT", "port": 2 } ] }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
个人总结
这次实验难度比以前的实验难度都大，实验的步骤也多，中间遇到了很多问题, 很后面才做出来.
刚开始, 运行时ODL的服务是已经启动了, 但是在Pingall中, 全部都PING不通, 在这方面搞了半天还是出不来, 最终只能重新安装了, 搞了很久
最终才出来, 也是发现还是需要快照才比较好.
然后就是第二题的问题出现了很多, 最终在同学的帮助下才勉强完成.
