今天开始学Hibernate了,按照先脉络后细节、先操作后原理的学习顺序,那么第一个要学习的就是Hibernate版的HelloWorld了,即如何连接并操作数据库。
Hibernate是什么,Hibernate有什么作用,先撇开不谈,现在我们只知道Hibernate是对JDBC的进一步封装即可。
一、第一个案例
实验环境:Hibernate3.3.2+SQL Server 2005
实验步骤:
(1)、新建Java项目(Hibernate是一个非常独立的框架)
(2)、引入相应的jar包
a)Hibernate所需jar包
- hibernate core
- /required
- slf-nop jar
b)SQL Server所需的JDBC驱动包
(3)在SQL Server中建立对应的数据库以及表
create database hibernate; use hibernate; create table Student (id int primary key, namevarchar(20), age int);
(4)新建和配置Hibernate的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xm
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;DatabaseName=hibernate</property>
<property name="connection.username">sa</property>
<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<!-- <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> -->
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>
<!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
<!-- <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> -->
<!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="com/chongqing/hibernate/model/Student.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
(5)建立Student 类
package com.chongqing.hibernate.model;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
(6)建立Student 映射文件 Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.chongqing.hibernate.model">
<class name="Student">
<id name="id"></id>
<property name="name"></property>
<property name="age"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
(7)写测试类Main,在Main中对Student对象进行直接的存储测试
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.chongqing.hibernate.model.Student;
public class StudentTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(1);
s.setName("s1");
s.setAge(1);
//创建Configuration,该对象用于读取hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件,并完成初始化
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
//创建SessionFactory,一个SessionFactory对应一个数据存储源
SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
//创建session,相当于JDBC中的Connection,主要此处的session并不是web中的session,
Session session = sf.openSession();
//Hibernate要求在进行增加,删除,修改的时候使用事务
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(s);
//提交
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
sf.close();
}
}
二、Annotation版本的HelloWorld
使用Annotation可以不用配置映射文件Student.hbm.xml,直接在实体类上建立相关的注解:
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.chongqing.hibernate.model.Student;
public class StudentTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(3);
s.setName("s3");
s.setAge(3);
//注意这里要使用org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration来创建Configuration,才能使用Annotation功能
Configuration cfg = new AnnotationConfiguration();
SessionFactory sf = cfg.configure().buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sf.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(s);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
sf.close();
}
}
需要在Hibernate lib中加入Annotation的jar包:
- hibernate annotaion jar
- ejb3 persistence jar
- hibernate common-annotations.jar
及在配置文件hibernate.cfg.xm建立映射为:
<mapping class="com.chongqing.hibernate.model.Student"/>

浙公网安备 33010602011771号