【pytorch torchvision源码解读系列—4】ResNet

【pytorch torchvision源码解读系列—4】ResNet

 

pytorch框架中有一个非常重要且好用的包：torchvision，顾名思义这个包主要是关于计算机视觉cv的。这个包主要由3个子包组成，分别是：torchvision.datasets、torchvision.models、torchvision.transforms。

具体介绍可以参考官网：https://pytorch.org/docs/master/torchvision

具体代码可以参考github：https://github.com/pytorch/vision

torchvision.models这个包中包含alexnet、densenet、inception、resnet、squeezenet、vgg等常用经典的网络结构，并且提供了预训练模型，可以通过简单调用来读取网络结构和预训练模型。

今天我们来解读一下ResNet的源码实现。如果对ResNet不是很了解 可以查看这里的论文笔记

https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_33487968/article/details/83650718

torchvision里面实现了ResNet的多个版本，见下图。

__all__ = ['ResNet', 'resnet18', 'resnet34', 'resnet50', 'resnet101','resnet152']
我们知道ResNet里面最重要的就是残差学习模块的构建了，在论文里面一共有两种模块，在这里分别定义为BasicBlock类和Bottleneck类。前者适用于ResNet18和ResNet34，后者用于ResNet50，ResNet101和ResNet152.

 

先看看左边的BasicBlock类。先是定义了一个conv3*3的函数卷积操作留待后面用，在BasicBlock类里两个3*3的卷积为主要部分，用了batchnorm和relu激活函数，其中downsample在后面_make_layer函数会有定义，它其实就是一个普通的卷积过程（卷积核大小为1），字面意思就是下采样。

out += residual 就是将残差和原始的输入相加，最后再用relu激活函数。很直观。

expansion是跟downsample有关的，他的直面意思是扩张，因为残差层里输入输出需要保持一致，所以不一致就要用到downsample。

def conv3x3(in_planes, out_planes, stride=1):
"""3x3 convolution with padding"""
return nn.Conv2d(in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride,
padding=1, bias=False)


class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
expansion = 1

def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
super(BasicBlock, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.downsample = downsample
self.stride = stride

def forward(self, x):
residual = x

out = self.conv1(x)
out = self.bn1(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv2(out)
out = self.bn2(out)

if self.downsample is not None:
residual = self.downsample(x)

out += residual
out = self.relu(out)

return out
再来看一下右边的残差学习模块Bottleneck类。主要由1*1,3*3和1*1三个卷积层组成。跟上面的只是卷积层的个数和卷积核的大小改变了，并没有其他不同。

class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
expansion = 4

def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(inplanes, planes, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride,
padding=1, bias=False)
self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes * self.expansion, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * self.expansion)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.downsample = downsample
self.stride = stride

def forward(self, x):
residual = x

out = self.conv1(x)
out = self.bn1(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv2(out)
out = self.bn2(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv3(out)
out = self.bn3(out)

if self.downsample is not None:
residual = self.downsample(x)

out += residual
out = self.relu(out)

return out
然后就到ResNet类的源码，_make_layer方法的第一个输入block是Bottleneck或BasicBlock类，第二个输入是该blocks的输出channel，第三个输入是每个blocks中包含多少个residual子结构。其中downsample的操作就是判断是否会保持输入输出的维度一直，如果不一致就需要downsample。

_make_layer方法中比较重要的两行代码是：

1、layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))，该部分是将每个blocks的第一个residual结构保存在layers列表中。

2、 for i in range(1, blocks): layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))，该部分是将每个blocks的剩下residual 结构保存在layers列表中，这样就完成了一个blocks的构造。

关于不同版本的ResNet可以参考下面的结构，你就知道为什么会用_make_layer这个函数，因为每个版本都有四层跟residual有关的层conv2_x~conv5_x，这里对应__init__里面的self.layer1~self.layer4,只是他们使用残差模块的数目和结构不同，那我们就写一个函数来以一敌百。__init__后半部分是对权重的初始化。

 

class ResNet(nn.Module):

def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes=1000):
self.inplanes = 64
super(ResNet, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3,
bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(7, stride=1)
self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)

for m in self.modules():
if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_out', nonlinearity='relu')
elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride=1):
downsample = None
if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
downsample = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2d(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion,
kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
)

layers = []
layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))
self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
for i in range(1, blocks):
layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))

return nn.Sequential(*layers)

def forward(self, x):
x = self.conv1(x)
x = self.bn1(x)
x = self.relu(x)
x = self.maxpool(x)

x = self.layer1(x)
x = self.layer2(x)
x = self.layer3(x)
x = self.layer4(x)

x = self.avgpool(x)
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
x = self.fc(x)

return x
好的那我们来看看具体一个版本的是怎么定义的吧，就说最简单的ResNet18.

 

def resnet18(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-18 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(BasicBlock, [2, 2, 2, 2], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet18']))
return model
ResNet18使用的BasicBlock类的残差学习模块，[2,2,2,2]就是上面图里的参数。然后pretrained==True就会导入一个预训练的模型。其他的版本都大同小异，只是改变了block的类型，以及第二个参数list，代表每一层block的个数。这里就不贴出来了。最后奉上源码。

import torch.nn as nn
import torch.utils.model_zoo as model_zoo


__all__ = ['ResNet', 'resnet18', 'resnet34', 'resnet50', 'resnet101',
'resnet152']


model_urls = {
'resnet18': 'https://download.pytorch.org/models/resnet18-5c106cde.pth',
'resnet34': 'https://download.pytorch.org/models/resnet34-333f7ec4.pth',
'resnet50': 'https://download.pytorch.org/models/resnet50-19c8e357.pth',
'resnet101': 'https://download.pytorch.org/models/resnet101-5d3b4d8f.pth',
'resnet152': 'https://download.pytorch.org/models/resnet152-b121ed2d.pth',
}


def conv3x3(in_planes, out_planes, stride=1):
"""3x3 convolution with padding"""
return nn.Conv2d(in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride,
padding=1, bias=False)


class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
expansion = 1

def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
super(BasicBlock, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.downsample = downsample
self.stride = stride

def forward(self, x):
residual = x

out = self.conv1(x)
out = self.bn1(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv2(out)
out = self.bn2(out)

if self.downsample is not None:
residual = self.downsample(x)

out += residual
out = self.relu(out)

return out


class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
expansion = 4

def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(inplanes, planes, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride,
padding=1, bias=False)
self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes * self.expansion, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * self.expansion)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.downsample = downsample
self.stride = stride

def forward(self, x):
residual = x

out = self.conv1(x)
out = self.bn1(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv2(out)
out = self.bn2(out)
out = self.relu(out)

out = self.conv3(out)
out = self.bn3(out)

if self.downsample is not None:
residual = self.downsample(x)

out += residual
out = self.relu(out)

return out


class ResNet(nn.Module):

def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes=1000):
self.inplanes = 64
super(ResNet, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3,
bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(7, stride=1)
self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)

for m in self.modules():
if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_out', nonlinearity='relu')
elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride=1):
downsample = None
if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
downsample = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2d(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion,
kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
)

layers = []
layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))
self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
for i in range(1, blocks):
layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))

return nn.Sequential(*layers)

def forward(self, x):
x = self.conv1(x)
x = self.bn1(x)
x = self.relu(x)
x = self.maxpool(x)

x = self.layer1(x)
x = self.layer2(x)
x = self.layer3(x)
x = self.layer4(x)

x = self.avgpool(x)
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
x = self.fc(x)

return x


def resnet18(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-18 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(BasicBlock, [2, 2, 2, 2], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet18']))
return model


def resnet34(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-34 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(BasicBlock, [3, 4, 6, 3], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet34']))
return model


def resnet50(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-50 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 6, 3], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet50']))
return model


def resnet101(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-101 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 23, 3], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet101']))
return model


def resnet152(pretrained=False, **kwargs):
"""Constructs a ResNet-152 model.
Args:
pretrained (bool): If True, returns a model pre-trained on ImageNet
"""
model = ResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 8, 36, 3], **kwargs)
if pretrained:
model.load_state_dict(model_zoo.load_url(model_urls['resnet152']))
return model
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作者：Thorrrrrrrrrr
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_33487968/article/details/83656388
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