08CSS网页布局基础、网页布局案例-课堂作业

网页布局基础

基础介绍

  1. 以最适合浏览的方式将图片和文字排放在页面的不同位置
  2. 布局模式有多种,不同的制作者会有不同的布局设计

 

经典的行布局

一.经典的行布局-1

 

  • 基础的行布局
  • 行布局自适应
  • 行布局自适应限制最大宽
  • 行布局垂直水平居中
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .container{
            width: 800px;
            height: 200px;
            background: #007aff;
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            left: 50%;
            margin-top: -100px;
            margin-left: -400px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">这是页面内容</div>
</body>
</html>

 

 

二.经典的行布局-2

  • 行布局固定宽
  • 行布局某部位自适应
  • 行布局导航随屏幕滚动
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
        .header{
            width: 100%;
            height: 50px;
            background: #77b2ff;
            margin: 0 auto;
            line-height: 50px;
            position: fixed;
        }
        .banner{
            width: 800px;
            height: 300px;
            background: #ba57ff;
            margin: 0 auto;
            padding-top: 50px;
        }
        .container{
            width: 800px;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #ff8500;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .footer{
            width: 800px;
            height: 100px;
            background: #ff9ee2;
            margin: 0 auto;
            line-height: 100px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">这是页面的头部</div>
    <div class="banner">这是页面的banner部分</div>
    <div class="container">这是页面的内容部分</div>
    <div class="footer">这是页面的底部</div>
</body>
</html>

 

 

经典的两列布局

一.两列布局固定；两列布局自适应

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            color: #fff;
        }
        .container{
            width: 90%;
            height: 1000px;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .left{
            width: 60%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #33cccc;
            float: left;
        }
        .right{
            width: 40%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #007aff;
            float: right;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="left">这是页面的左侧</div>
    <div class="right">这是页面的右侧</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

 

二.三列布局固定；三列布局自适应

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            color: #fff;
        }
        .container{
            width: 100%;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .left{
            width: 25%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #007aff;
            float: left;
        }
        .middle{
            width: 50%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #33cccc;
            float: left;
        }
        .right{
            width: 25%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #77b2ff;
            float: right;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="left">这是页面的左侧</div>
    <div class="middle">这是页面的中间</div>
    <div class="right">这是页面的右侧</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

 

 

混合布局

混合布局固定；混合布局自适应

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            font-size: 16px;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .header{
            width: 100%;
            height: 50px;
            background: #a417ff;
            margin: 0 auto;
            line-height: 50px;
        }
        .banner{
            width: 100%;
            height: 200px;
            background: #ff7463;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .container{
            width: 100%;
            margin: 0 auto;
            height: 1000px;
        }
        .container .left{
            width: 40%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #4cff76;
            float: left;
        }
        .container .right{
            width: 60%;
            height: 1000px;
            background: #0ed8ff;
            float: right;
        }
        .footer{
            width: 100%;
            height: 100px;
            background: #77b2ff;
            margin: 0 auto;
            line-height: 100px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">这是页面的头部</div>
    <div class="banner">这是页面的轮播图</div>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left">这是页面的左侧</div>
        <div class="right">这是页面的右侧</div>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">这是页面的底部</div>
</body>
</html>

 

圣杯布局

  1. 圣杯布局是由国外的KevinCornell提出的一个布局模型概念；在国内由淘宝UED的工程师传播开来

  2. 布局要求：

    • 三列布局，中间宽度自适应，两边定宽
    • 中间栏要在浏览器中优先展示渲染
    • 允许任意列的高度最高
    • 用最简单的CSS，最少的HACK语句

  3. 流程方式：Middle部分首先要放在container的最前部分，然后是left、right

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
        *{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        body{
            min-width: 700px;
        }
        .header, .footer{
            /*float: left;*/
            /*width: 100%;*/
            background: #999999;
            height: 50px;
            line-height: 50px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .container{
            padding: 0 220px 0 200px;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        .left,.middle,.right{
            position: relative;
            float: left;
            min-height: 130px;
            line-height: 130px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .left{
            margin-left: -100%;
            left: -200px;
            width: 200px;
            background: #77b2ff;
        }
        .right{
            margin-left: -220px;
            right: -220px;
            width: 220px;
            background: #4cff76;
            /*float: right;*/
        }
        .middle{
            width: 100%;
            background: #33cccc;
            word-break: break-all;
        }
        .footer{
            clear: both;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">
        <h4>header</h4>
    </div>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="middle">
            <h4>middle</h4>
            <p>这是页面的中间内容</p>
        </div>
        <div class="left">
            <h4>left</h4>
            <p>这是页面的左边内容</p>
        </div>
        <div class="right">
            <h4>right</h4>
            <p>这是页面的右边内容</p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">
        <h4>footer</h4>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

 

双飞翼布局

  1. 经淘宝UED的工程师针对圣杯布局改良后得出双飞翼布局，去掉相对布局，只需要浮动和负边距

  2. 优点：

    • 主要的内容先加载的优化
    • 兼容目前所有的主流浏览器，包括IE6在内
    • 实现不同的布局方式，可以通过调整相关CSS属性即可实现

  3. 流程方式：main要放最前面，其次是sub、extra

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>双飞翼布局</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        *{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        body{
            min-height: 700px;
        }
        .header,.footer{
            border: 1px solid #333;
            background: #00925F;
            text-align: center;
            height: 50px;
            line-height: 50px;
        }
        .sub,.main,.extra{
            float: left;
            min-height: 130px;
            line-height: 130px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .sub{
            margin-left: -100%;
            width: 200px;
            background: #ff7463;
        }
        .extra{
            margin-left: -220px;
            width: 220px;
            background: #0ed8ff;
        }
        .main{
            width: 100%;
        }
        .main-inner{
            margin-left: 200px;
            margin-right: 220px;
            min-height: 130px;
            background: #4cff76;
            word-break: break-all;
        }
        .footer{
            clear: both;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">header</div>
    <div class="main">
        <div class="main-inner">
            <h4>main</h4>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="sub">
        <h4>sub</h4>
    </div>
    <div class="extra">
        <h4>extra</h4>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">
        <h4>footer</h4>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

 

 

 

网页布局案例

 html代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>css网页布局案例</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 头部 -->
    <div class="header">
        <div class="logo">
            <img src="image/logo.png" alt="logo">
        </div>
        <div class="nav">
            <ul>
                <li>首页</li>
                <li>图片</li>
                <li>视频</li>
                <li>手记</li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 主体 -->
    <div class="main">
        <div class="top">
            <img src="image/1.jpeg">
        </div>
        <!-- 遮罩层 -->
        <div class="topLayer"></div>
        <div class="topLayer-top">
            <div class="word">MY BEAUTIFUL LIFE</div>
            <button>LOOK MORE &gt;</button>
        </div>
        <!-- 中间部分 -->
        <div class="middle">
            <div class="m-top">
                <div class="commen weibo">
                    <img src="image/weibo.png">
                    <div>MICROBLOG</div>
                </div>
                <div class="commen weixin">
                    <img src="image/weixin.png">
                    <div>WECHAT</div>
                </div>
                <div class="commen qq">
                    <img src="image/qq.png">
                    <div>QQ</div>
                </div> 
            </div>
            <div class="clear"></div>
            <div class="m-middle">
                “I want to give good things to record down,<br>after the recall will be very beautiful.”
            </div>
            <div class="m-bottom">
                <div class="m-com">
                    <img src="image/03-01.jpg">
                    <div class="des1">cool Image</div>
                    <div class="des2">Record The Picture</div>
                </div>
                <div class="m-com">
                    <img src="image/03-02.jpg">
                    <div class="des1">cool Image</div>
                    <div class="des2">Record The Picture</div>
                </div>
                <div class="m-com">
                    <img src="image/03-03.jpg">
                    <div class="des1">cool Image</div>
                    <div class="des2">Record The Picture</div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="clear"></div>
        <div class="bottom">
            <div class="content">
                <div class="title">
                    FROM THE PHOTO ALBUM
                </div>
                <div class="pic-content">
                    <dl>
                        <dt><img src="image/04-01.jpg"></dt>
                        <dd class="word">Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.</dd>
                    </dl>
                    <dl>
                        <dt><img src="image/04-02.jpg"></dt>
                        <dd class="word">Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.Life is like a book,just read more and more refined,more write more carefully.</dd>
                    </dl>
                </div>
                <div class="clear"></div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 底部 -->
    <div class="footer">

    </div>
</body>
</html>

css代码

 

*{
    padding:0;
    margin:0;
}
.header{
    width:100%;
    height:100px;
}
.header img{
    width:300px;
    height:85px;
    padding-left:100px;
    padding-top:8px;
}
.header .logo{
    float:left;
}
.header .nav{
    float:right;
}
.header .nav ul{
    padding-right: 100px;
}
.header .nav ul li{
    float: left;
    list-style: none;
    width: 80px;
    height: 100px;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: bolder;
    color: #7d7d7d;
    line-height: 100px;
}
.main .top{
    width:100%;
    height:600px;
}

.main .top img{
    width:100%;
    height:600px;
    position: relative;
}

.main .topLayer{
    position: absolute;
    top:100px;
    left:0;
    background-color: #000;
    width:100%;
    height:600px;
    opacity: 0.5;
}
.main .topLayer-top{
    width:500px;
    height:300px;
    position:absolute;
    top:400px;
    margin-top:-150px;
    z-index:2;
    right:50%;
    margin-right:-250px;
}
.main .topLayer-top .word{
    padding-top:100px;
    color:#fff;
    font-size:45px;
    font-weight: bolder;
    text-align:center;
    font-family: "微软雅黑";
}
.main .topLayer-top button{
    width:200px;
    height:60px;
    margin-top:50px;
    color:#fff;
    background-color: #f5704f;
    font-family: "微软雅黑";
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: bolder;
    font-size: 14px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    clear:both;
    margin-left:150px;
}
.main .middle{
    width:1000px;
    margin:0 auto;
}
.main .middle .m-top .commen{
    float:left;
    width:33.3%;
    padding-top:50px;
    text-align: center;
}
.main .middle .m-top .commen img{
    width:100px;
    height:100px;
}
.main .middle .m-top .commen .comm{
    font-size:20px;
    color: #7d7c7f;
    padding-top:20px;
    font-weight:bold;
}
.main .middle .m-middle{
    font-size:22px;
    color:#e19796;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding-top:50px;
    font-style:italic;
    text-align: center;
    padding-bottom: 50px;
}
.clear{
    clear:both;
}
.main .middle .m-bottom .m-com{
    width:33.3%;
    float:left;
    text-align: center;
}
.main .middle .m-bottom .m-com img{
    width:310px;
    height:260px;
}
.main .middle .m-bottom .m-com .des1{
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color:#7d7d7f;
    padding-top:20px;
}
.main .middle .m-bottom .m-com .des2{
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding-top:10px;
    color: #bdbdbc;
}
.main .bottom{
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.main .bottom .content{
    width:1000px;
    margin:0 auto;
}
.main .bottom .content .title{
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color:#7d7c7f;
    font-family:"微软雅黑";
    padding-top:50px;
}

.main .bottom .content .pic-content dl{
    float:left;
    width:470px;
    margin:10px 12px;
}

.main .bottom .content .pic-content dl img{
    width:470px;
    height:460px;
}

.main .bottom .content .pic-content dl .word{
    padding-top:20px;
    font-size:20px;
    font-weight:bold;
    color:#7d7c7f;
    padding-bottom:50px;
}

 

posted @ 2020-08-07 14:49  『yyh』  阅读(182)  评论(0)    收藏  举报