Spring Boot 微信公众号开发(三) access_token

一、Token

access_token是公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token。开发者需要进行妥善保存。access_token的存储至少要保留512个字符空间。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，需定时刷新，重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。

token的获取参考文档

获取的流程我们完全可以参考微信官方文档：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Get_access_token.html

流程分析：

• 从公众平台获取账号的AppID和AppSecret；
• token获取并解析存储执行体；
• 采用定时任务每隔两小时执行一次token获取执行体；

二、实现：

1、参数获取：

（1）在微信公众号官网获取参数，并配置进yml文件中

（2）yml配置：

2、 http工具类：

需要导入httpclient

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

代码如下

/**
 * @author yh
 * @date 2020/8/21 16:11
 * @description:
 */
public class HttpUtils {

    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description: http get请求共用方法
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param reqUrl
     * @param params
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
    public static String sendGet(String reqUrl, Map<String, String> params)
            throws Exception {
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
        try {
            String url = buildUrl(reqUrl, params);
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

            request.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
            request.setURI(new URI(url));

            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

            inputStream = response.getEntity().getContent();
            String result = getJsonStringFromGZIP(inputStream);
            return result;
        } finally {
            if (inputStream != null) {
                inputStream.close();
            }
            request.releaseConnection();
        }

    }

    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description: http post请求共用方法
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param reqUrl
     * @param params
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
    public static String sendPost(String reqUrl, Map<String, String> params)
            throws Exception {
        try {
            Set<String> set = params.keySet();
            List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            for (String key : set) {
                list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
            }
            if (list.size() > 0) {
                try {
                    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
                    HttpPost request = new HttpPost(reqUrl);

                    request.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
                    request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, HTTP.UTF_8));

                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

                    InputStream inputStream = response.getEntity().getContent();
                    try {
                        String result = getJsonStringFromGZIP(inputStream);

                        return result;
                    } finally {
                        inputStream.close();
                    }
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                    throw new Exception("网络连接失败,请连接网络后再试");
                }
            } else {
                throw new Exception("参数不全，请稍后重试");
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            throw new Exception("发送未知异常");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description: http post请求json数据
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param urls
     * @param params
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String sendPostBuffer(String urls, String params)
            throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(urls);

        StringEntity se = new StringEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
        request.setEntity(se);
        // 发送请求
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(request);
        // 得到应答的字符串，这也是一个 JSON 格式保存的数据
        String retSrc = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
        request.releaseConnection();
        return retSrc;

    }

    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description:  http请求发送xml内容
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param urlStr
     * @param xmlInfo
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String sendXmlPost(String urlStr, String xmlInfo) {
        // xmlInfo xml具体字符串

        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlStr);
            URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
            con.setDoOutput(true);
            con.setRequestProperty("Pragma:", "no-cache");
            con.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
            OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(
                    con.getOutputStream());
            out.write(new String(xmlInfo.getBytes("utf-8")));
            out.flush();
            out.close();
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    con.getInputStream()));
            String lines = "";
            for (String line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br
                    .readLine()) {
                lines = lines + line;
            }
            return lines; // 返回请求结果
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "fail";
    }
    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description:
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param is
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    private static String getJsonStringFromGZIP(InputStream is) {
        String jsonString = null;
        try {
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
            bis.mark(2);
            // 取前两个字节
            byte[] header = new byte[2];
            int result = bis.read(header);
            // reset输入流到开始位置
            bis.reset();
            // 判断是否是GZIP格式
            int headerData = getShort(header);
            // Gzip 流 的前两个字节是 0x1f8b
            if (result != -1 && headerData == 0x1f8b) {
                // LogUtil.i("HttpTask", " use GZIPInputStream  ");
                is = new GZIPInputStream(bis);
            } else {
                // LogUtil.d("HttpTask", " not use GZIPInputStream");
                is = bis;
            }
            InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8");
            char[] data = new char[100];
            int readSize;
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            while ((readSize = reader.read(data)) > 0) {
                sb.append(data, 0, readSize);
            }
            jsonString = sb.toString();
            bis.close();
            reader.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return jsonString;
    }

    private static int getShort(byte[] data) {
        return (data[0] << 8) | data[1] & 0xFF;
    }

    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description: 构建get方式的url
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param reqUrl 基础的url地址
     * @param params 查询参数
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String buildUrl(String reqUrl, Map<String, String> params) {
        StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
        Set<String> set = params.keySet();
        for (String key : set) {
            query.append(String.format("%s=%s&", key, params.get(key)));
        }
        return reqUrl + "?" + query.toString();
    }
}

3、配置类读取参数

/**
 * @author yh
 * @date 2020/8/21 17:24
 * @description:
 */
@Component
@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wechat")
public class WeChatConfiguration {

    private String appid;

    private String AppSecret;

    private String tokenUrl;

}

4、设置定时任务获取token

/**
 * @author yh
 * @date 2020/8/21 16:39
 * @description: 定时任务
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WeChatTask {

    @Resource
    private TaskService taskService;


    @PostMapping("/getToken")
    @Scheduled(fixedDelay=2*60*60*1000)
    public void getToken() throws Exception {
        log.info("定时任务：重新获取token");
        taskService.getToken();
    }

}

/**
 * @author yh
 * @date 2020/8/21 16:43
 * @description:
 */
@Service
public class TaskServiceImpl implements TaskService {

    @Resource
    private WeChatConfiguration weChatConfiguration;
    /**
     * @author: yh
     * @description: 获取微信token
     * @date: 2020/8/21
     * @param
     * @return void
     **/
    @Override
    public void getToken() throws Exception {

        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();

        params.put("grant_type", "client_credential");
        params.put("appid", weChatConfiguration.getAppid());
        params.put("secret", weChatConfiguration.getAppSecret());

        String json = HttpUtils.sendGet(weChatConfiguration.getTokenUrl(), params);
        String access_token = JSONObject.parseObject(json).getString("access_token");

        System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now() +"token为=============================="+access_token);
    }
}