(转载).NET中使用Redis(三)Redis 的主从复制

 

  Redis跟MySQL一样,拥有非常强大的主从复制功能,而且还支持一个master可以拥有多个slave,而一个slave又可以拥有多个slave,从而形成强大的多级服务器集群架构。
         
  redis的主从复制是异步进行的,它不会影响master的运行,所以不会降低redis的处理性能。主从架构中,可以考虑关闭Master的数据持久化功能,只让Slave进行持久化,这样可以提高主服务器的处理性能。同时Slave为只读模式,这样可以避免Slave缓存的数据被误修改。

  1.配置

    实际生产中,主从架构是在几个不同服务器上安装相应的Redis服务。为了测试方便,我这边的主从备份的配置,都是在我Windows 本机上测试。

    1. 安装两个Redis 实例,Master和Slave。将Master端口设置为6379,Slave 端口设置为6380 。bind 都设置为:127.0.0.1。 具体Redis安装步骤,请参考前一篇博文 《Redis总结(一)Redis安装》。

    

    2. 在Slave 实例 ,增加:slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379 配置。如下图所示:

    

 

    配置完成之后,启动这两个实例,如果输出如下内容,说明主从复制的架构已经配置成功了。

    

 

    注意:在同一台电脑上测试,Master和Slave的端口不要一样,否则是不能同时启动两个实例的。

  2.测试

    在命令行,分别连接上Master服务器和Slave 服务器。然后在Master 写入缓存,然后在Slave 中读取。如下图所示:

     
 

    3.C#中调用

    主从架构的Redis的读写其实和单台Redis 的读写差不多,只是部分配置和读取区分了主从,如果不清楚C#中如何使用redis,请参考我这篇文章 《Redis总结(二)C#中如何使用redis》。

    需要注意的是:ServiceStack.Redis 中GetClient()方法,只能拿到Master redis中获取连接,而拿不到slave 的readonly连接。这样 slave起到了冗余备份的作用,读的功能没有发挥出来,如果并发请求太多的话,则Redis的性能会有影响。

    所以,我们需要的写入和读取的时候做一个区分,写入的时候,调用client.GetClient() 来获取writeHosts的Master的redis 链接。读取,则调用client.GetReadOnlyClient()来获取的readonlyHost的 Slave的redis链接。

    或者可以直接使用client.GetCacheClient() 来获取一个连接,他会在写的时候调用GetClient获取连接,读的时候调用GetReadOnlyClient获取连接,这样可以做到读写分离,从而利用redis的主从复制功能。

    1. 配置文件 app.config

复制代码
    <!-- redis Start   -->
    <add key="SessionExpireMinutes" value="180" />
    <add key="redis_server_master_session" value="127.0.0.1:6379" />
    <add key="redis_server_slave_session" value="127.0.0.1:6380" />
    <add key="redis_max_read_pool" value="300" />
    <add key="redis_max_write_pool" value="100" />
    <!--redis end-->
复制代码

 

    2. Redis操作的公用类RedisCacheHelper

public class RedisCacheHelper
{
    private static readonly PooledRedisClientManager pool = null;
    private static readonly string[] writeHosts = null;
    private static readonly string[] readHosts = null;
    public static int RedisMaxReadPool = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["redis_max_read_pool"]);
    public static int RedisMaxWritePool = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["redis_max_write_pool"]);
    static RedisCacheHelper()
    {
        var redisMasterHost = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["redis_server_master_session"];
        var redisSlaveHost = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["redis_server_slave_session"];
 
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(redisMasterHost))
        {
            writeHosts = redisMasterHost.Split(',');
            readHosts = redisSlaveHost.Split(',');
 
            if (readHosts.Length > 0)
            {
                pool = new PooledRedisClientManager(writeHosts, readHosts,
                    new RedisClientManagerConfig()
                    {
                        MaxWritePoolSize = RedisMaxWritePool,
                        MaxReadPoolSize = RedisMaxReadPool,
 
                        AutoStart = true
                    });
            }
        }
    }
    public static void Add<T>(string key, T value, DateTime expiry)
    {
        if (value == null)
        {
            return;
        }
 
        if (expiry <= DateTime.Now)
        {
            Remove(key);
 
            return;
        }
 
        try
        {
            if (pool != null)
            {
                using (var r = pool.GetClient())
                {
                    if (r != null)
                    {
                        r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                        r.Set(key, value, expiry - DateTime.Now);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""存储", key);
        }
 
    }
 
    public static void Add<T>(string key, T value, TimeSpan slidingExpiration)
    {
        if (value == null)
        {
            return;
        }
 
        if (slidingExpiration.TotalSeconds <= 0)
        {
            Remove(key);
 
            return;
        }
 
        try
        {
            if (pool != null)
            {
                using (var r = pool.GetClient())
                {
                    if (r != null)
                    {
                        r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                        r.Set(key, value, slidingExpiration);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""存储", key);
        }
 
    }
 
    public static T Get<T>(string key)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
        {
            return default(T);
        }
 
        T obj = default(T);
 
        try
        {
            if (pool != null)
            {
                using (var r = pool.GetClient())
                {
                    if (r != null)
                    {
                        r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                        obj = r.Get<T>(key);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""获取", key);
        }
 
 
        return obj;
    }
 
    public static void Remove(string key)
    {
        try
        {
            if (pool != null)
            {
                using (var r = pool.GetClient())
                {
                    if (r != null)
                    {
                        r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                        r.Remove(key);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""删除", key);
        }
 
    }
 
    public static bool Exists(string key)
    {
        try
        {
            if (pool != null)
            {
                using (var r = pool.GetClient())
                {
                    if (r != null)
                    {
                        r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                        return r.ContainsKey(key);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""是否存在", key);
        }
 
        return false;
    }
 
    public static IDictionary<string, T> GetAll<T>(IEnumerable<string> keys) where T : class
    {
        if (keys == null)
        {
            return null;
        }
 
        keys = keys.Where(k => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(k));
 
        if (keys.Count() == 1)
        {
            T obj = Get<T>(keys.Single());
 
            if (obj != null)
            {
                return new Dictionary<string, T>() { { keys.Single(), obj } };
            }
 
            return null;
        }
 
        if (!keys.Any())
        {
            return null;
        }
 
        IDictionary<string, T> dict = null;
 
        if (pool != null)
        {
            keys.Select(s => new
            {
                Index = Math.Abs(s.GetHashCode()) % readHosts.Length,
                KeyName = s
            })
            .GroupBy(p => p.Index)
            .Select(g =>
            {
                try
                {
                    using (var r = pool.GetClient(g.Key))
                    {
                        if (r != null)
                        {
                            r.SendTimeout = 1000;
                            return r.GetAll<T>(g.Select(p => p.KeyName));
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    string msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}发生异常!{2}""cache""获取", keys.Aggregate((a, b) => a + "," + b));
                }
                return null;
            })
            .Where(x => x != null)
            .ForEach(d =>
            {
                d.ForEach(x =>
                {
                    if (dict == null || !dict.Keys.Contains(x.Key))
                    {
                        if (dict == null)
                        {
                            dict = new Dictionary<string, T>();
                        }
                        dict.Add(x);
                    }
                });
            });
        }
 
        IEnumerable<Tuple<string, T>> result = null;
 
        if (dict != null)
        {
            result = dict.Select(d => new Tuple<string, T>(d.Key, d.Value));
        }
        else
        {
            result = keys.Select(key => new Tuple<string, T>(key, Get<T>(key)));
        }
 
        return result
            .Select(d => new Tuple<string[], T>(d.Item1.Split('_'), d.Item2))
            .Where(d => d.Item1.Length >= 2)
            .ToDictionary(x => x.Item1[1], x => x.Item2);
    }
 
}

 

posted @ 2018-01-23 12:01  心中的天空之城  阅读(335)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报