m4-第四次考试
第四次考试
1
nfs服务器172.16.1.31
共享下面两个目录
/app/w 要求的权限可读写，同步数据，所有用户都压缩为匿名用户
/app/r 要求的权限为只读，同步数据，所有用户都压缩为匿名用户
客户端上面的要求：
backup服务器 把 nfs服务器的/data/r 挂载到 /data/r
web01 服务器 把 nfs服务器的/data/w 挂载到 /data/w
请写出部署流程与测试结果。
nfs服务器 确保软件已经安装 [root@nfs01 ~]# rpm ‐qa nfs‐utils rpcbind rpcbind‐0.2.0‐16.el6.x86_64 nfs‐utils‐1.2.3‐78.el6.x86_64 启动并开机自启 [root@nfs01 ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@nfs01 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig nfs on [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig |egrep 'nfs|rpcbind' nfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nfs‐rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rpcbind 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off 配置分享 [root@nfs01 ~]# cat /etc/exports #share to 172.16.1.0/24 /app/w 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534) /app/r 172.16.1.0/24(ro,sync,all_squash,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534) 创建目录 [root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /app/{r,w} ‐p [root@nfs01 ~]# tree /app/ /app/ ├── r └── w [root@nfs01 app]# chown ‐R nfsnobody.nfsnobody /app/ [root@nfs01 app]# ls ‐ld * drwxr‐xr‐x. 2 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Aug 4 20:46 r drwxr‐xr‐x. 2 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Aug 4 20:46 w [root@nfs01 app]# /etc/init.d/nfs reload 测试 [root@nfs01 app]# showmount ‐e 172.16.1.31 Export list for 172.16.1.31: /app/r 172.16.1.0/24 /app/w 172.16.1.0/24 [root@nfs01 r]# cd /app/r [root@nfs01 r]# touch test_from_nfs{1..4}.txt [root@nfs01 r]# ll total 0 ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs1.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs2.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs3.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs4.txt [root@nfs01 r]# cd /app/w/ [root@nfs01 w]# touch test_from_nfs{a..d}.txt [root@nfs01 w]# ll total 0 ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:01 test_from_nfs{1..d}.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsa.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsb.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsc.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsd.txt
backup服务器 把 nfs服务器的/app/r 挂载到 /data/r
在客户端安装软件，web01 同下 [root@backup ~]# yum install nfs‐utils rpcbind ‐y [root@backup ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@backup ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on [root@backup ~]# chkconfig nfs off [root@backup ~]# showmount ‐e 172.16.1.31 Export list for 172.16.1.31: /app/r 172.16.1.0/24 /app/w 172.16.1.0/24
创建目录并挂载 [root@backup ~]# mkdir /data/r ‐p [root@backup ~]# mount ‐t nfs ‐o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=131072 172.16.1.31:/app/r /data/r [root@backup ~]# df ‐h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 8.6G 1.2G 7.0G 14% / tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 27M 154M 15% /boot 172.16.1.31:/app/r 8.6G 1.2G 7.0G 15% /data/r
永久挂载 /bin/mount ‐t nfs ‐o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=131072 172.16.1.31:/data/ /upload
添加到 /etc/rc.local
测试 [root@backup ~]# cd /data/r/ [root@backup r]# ll total 0 ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs1.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs2.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs3.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 20:58 test_from_nfs4.txt [root@backup r]# touch test.txt touch: cannot touch `test.txt': Read‐only file system
web01 服务器 把 nfs服务器的/app/w 挂载到 /data/w
软件安装同backup mkdir /data/w/ ‐p
挂载 mount ‐t nfs ‐o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=131072 172.16.1.31:/app/w /data/w [root@web01 w]# df ‐h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 8.6G 1.1G 7.1G 14% / tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 27M 154M 15% /boot 172.16.1.31:/app/w 8.6G 1.2G 7.0G 15% /data/w 测试
[root@web01 ~]# cd /data/w/ [root@web01 w]# touch file_crete_in_web01.{a..d}.sh [root@web01 w]# ll ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 2018 file_crete_in_web01.a.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 2018 file_crete_in_web01.b.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 2018 file_crete_in_web01.c.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 2018 file_crete_in_web01.d.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 2018 test_from_nfsa.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 2018 test_from_nfsb.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 2018 test_from_nfsc.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 2018 test_from_nfsd.txt [root@nfs01 w]# ll total 0 ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 21:10 file_crete_in_web01.a.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 21:10 file_crete_in_web01.b.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 21:10 file_crete_in_web01.c.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Aug 4 21:10 file_crete_in_web01.d.sh ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsa.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsb.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsc.txt ‐rw‐r‐‐r‐‐. 1 root root 0 Aug 4 21:02 test_from_nfsd.txt
2（50分）
搭建nfs服务器（nfs01）共享/data-nfs目录给172.16.1.0/24网段并拥有读写权限，并把/data目录的数据实时复制到backup服务器的/backup-nfs上面。
要求：
1.nfs01服务期共享目录为/data-nfs目录
2.要求172.16.1.0/24网段内用户可以访问
3.所有用户访问nfs服务器都要压缩为www用户并uid gid都为888
4.backup服务器备份目录为/backup-nfs
注：
nfs服务器为nfs01 10.0.0.31 172.16.1.31
backup为 10.0.0.41 172.16.1.41
一、nfs 部分 1.nfs服务器端 1.搭建nfs 1.1 安装nfs软件，并启动 yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y [root@nfs01 ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils rpcbind rpcbind-0.2.0-13.el6_9.1.x86_64 nfs-utils-1.2.3-75.el6_9.x86_64 [root@nfs01 ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@nfs01 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] 1.2 添加开机自启动 [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig nfs on [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on [root@nfs01 ~]# chkconfig |egrep 'nfs|rpcbind' nfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nfs-rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rpcbind 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off 1.3 配置/etc/exports [root@nfs01 ~]# vim /etc/exports #share /data-nfs to 172.16.1.0/24 /data-nfs 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=888,anongid=888) 1.4 创建www用户及共享目录 useradd www -u 888 mkdir -p /data-nfs chown -R www.www /data-nfs/ 更改共享目录权限 /etc/init.d/nfs reload 2.backup服务器端 2.1 安装软件，开机自启 [root@backup ~]# yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y [root@backup ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@backup ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on [root@backup ~]# chkconfig nfs off [root@backup ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.31 Export list for 172.16.1.31: /data-nfs 172.16.1.0/24 2.2 创建目录并挂载nfs共享目录 [root@backup ~]# mkdir -p /from-nfs [root@backup ~]# mount -t nfs -o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=131072 172.16.1.31:/data-nfs/ /from-nfs [root@backup ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 8.8G 1.5G 6.9G 18% / tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 40M 141M 22% /boot 172.16.1.31:/data-nfs 8.8G 1.5G 6.9G 18% /from-nfs 2.3 开机自动挂载 [root@backup ~]# tail -l /etc/rc.local /bin/mount -t nfs -o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=131072 172.16.1.31:/data-nfs/ /from-nfs 3.测试 [root@backup ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 8.6G 1.2G 7.0G 14% / tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 27M 154M 15% /boot 172.16.1.31:/data-nfs/ 8.6G 1.2G 7.0G 15% /from-nfs [root@backup ~]# cd /from-nfs/ [root@backup backup-nfs]# ls [root@backup backup-nfs]# touch test.from.backup [root@nfs01 ~]# ll /data-nfs/ total 0 -rw-r--r--. 1 www www 0 Aug 2 15:39 test.from.backup 二、实时复制部分 backup 服务器端 确保已经配置好rsync服务 mkdir /backup-nfs chown -R rsync.rsync /backup-nfs [root@backup ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf ######rsync_config_______________start #created by lewen ##rsyncd.conf start## uid = rsync gid = rsync use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 300 pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ignore errors read only = false list = false hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24 #hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32 auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.password [backup-nfs] path = /backup-nfs/ nfs服务器 确保已安装rsync inotify-tools软件 [root@nfs01 ~]# rpm -q rsync inotify-tools rsync-3.0.6-12.el6.x86_64 inotify-tools-3.14-1.el6.x86_64 安装sersync [root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir -p /home/oldboy/tools [root@nfs01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools [root@nfs01 tools]# rpm -qa lrzsz lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64 [root@nfs01 tools]# pwd /home/oldboy/tools [root@nfs01 tools]# unzip sersync_installdir_64bit.zip [root@nfs01 tools]# tree . ├── sersync_installdir_64bit │ └── sersync │ ├── bin │ │ └── sersync │ ├── conf │ │ └── confxml.xml │ └── logs └── sersync_installdir_64bit.zip 5 directories, 3 files 配置sersync路径 [root@nfs01 tools]# mv sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/ /usr/local/ [root@nfs01 tools]# ls -l /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1810128 Oct 26 2011 /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync [root@nfs01 tools]# chmod +x /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync [root@nfs01 tools]#ln -s /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync /usr/local/bin/ 配置sersync配置文件 sersync部分 <sersync> <localpath watch="/data"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="backup-nfs"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-artuz --delete"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.password"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/var/log/rsync_fail.log" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> [root@nfs01 conf]# diff confxml.xml confxml.xml.bak 24,25c24,25 < <localpath watch="/data"> < <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="backup-nfs"/> --- > <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> > <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/> 30,31c30,31 < <commonParams params="-artuz --delete"/> < <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.password"/> --- > <commonParams params="-artuz"/> > <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> 36c36 < <failLog path="/var/log/rsync_fail.log" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> --- > <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> 测试 [root@nfs01 data]# pwd /data [root@nfs01 data]# ls file_from_nfs_data.txt ts.res [root@nfs01 data]# touch success.sh [root@backup ~]# ll /backup-nfs/ total 0 -rw-r--r--. 1 rsync rsync 0 Aug 2 20:06 file_from_nfs_data.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 rsync rsync 0 Aug 2 20:21 success.sh -rw-r--r--. 1 rsync rsync 0 Aug 2 20:17 ts.res
本文来自博客园，作者：元贞，转载请注明原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/yuleicoder/articles/10529911.html
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