m6-第10周作业

 

第10周作业

1 使用logrotate+定时任务对nginx的访问日志进行轮询切割。

注：写出logrotate的配置与定时任务的内容。

/application/nginx/logs/access_bbs.log /application/nginx/logs/access_www.log /application/nginx/logs/access_blog.log /application/nginx/logs/access.log{
daily
rotate 7
missingok
notifempty
dateext
compress
delaycompress
create 600 www www
sharedscripts
postrotate
    if [ -f /application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid]; then
        kill -USR1 `cat /application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
    fi
endscript
}

[root@web01 logs]# crontab -e
#logrotate ngix access logs at 0:00 everyday
0 0 * * * /usr/sbin/logrotate -vf /etc/logrotate.d/nginx

 

2 说出nginx日志中下面参数的含义:log_format; access_log; root;index;sever_name;listen;keepalive_timeout;

log_format;  日志的格式
access_log;  访问日志
root;        网站站点目录
index;       index.html文件路径
sever_name;  站点（虚拟主机）名称
listen;      监听端口
keepalive_timeout;   连接活跃时间

 

3 配置三个网站www.lidao.com bbs.lidao.com  blog.lidao.com

要求：

1. 网站的站点目录在/app下面 并以www bbs blog命名

2. 访问日志存放在/app/log下面并且要求每个网站的日志不同

3. 对访问日志进行每日的定时切割并删除7天之前的日志

给出操作过程及配置文件和脚本内容。

创建相关目录
mkdir /app/{www,bbs,blog} -p
mkdir /app/log –p

1 网站的站点目录
[root@web01 conf]# tree /app/
/app/
├── bbs
├── blog
└── www
2 网站的conf
[root@web01 conf]# tree extra/
extra/
├── bbs.conf
├── blog.conf
└── www.conf
3 主配置 nginx.conf
[root@web01 conf]# vim nginx.conf

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    include extra/*;  # 当前路径下的文件夹
}
4 站点配置内容
[root@web01 extra]# cat bbs.conf  blog.conf www.conf
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  bbs.lidao.com;
        access_log /app/log/access_bbs.log main;
        location / {
            root   /app/bbs;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  blog.lidao.com;
        access_log /app/log/access_blog.log main;
        location / {
            root   /app/blog;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.lidao.com lidao.com;
        access_log /app/log/access_www.log main;
        location / {
            root   /app/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

5 创建index.html文件内容
[root@web01 extra]#  for name in www bbs blog; do echo "$name.lidao.com" > /app/$name/index.html; done
[root@web01 extra]# tree /app/
/app/
├── bbs
│   └── index.html
├── blog
│   └── index.html
├── log
└── www
    └── index.html

6 查看index.html文件内容
[root@web01 extra]# for name in www bbs blog; do cat /app/$name/index.html ; done
www.lidao.com
bbs.lidao.com
blog.lidao.com

7 测试
[root@web01 extra]# curl www.lidao.com
www.lidao.com
[root@web01 log]# cat access_www.log
10.0.0.8 - - [22/Aug/2018:06:32:43 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 14 "-" "curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2" "-"
10.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2018:06:33:05 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 14 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"
10.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2018:06:33:05 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 169 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"
10.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2018:06:33:48 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 571 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36" "-"

8 书写日志轮训切割脚本
[root@web01 scripts]# vim rotate_log.sh
#!/bin/sh
for name in www bbs blog;
do
  /bin/mv /app/log/access_${name}.log /app/log/$(date +%Y%m%d)_access_${name}.log
done;
find /app/log -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +1 |xargs rm –i /app/log/{}
/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

9 测试和查看结果
[root@web01 scripts]# sh /server/scripts/rotate_log.sh
[root@web01 log]# ll /app/log/
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:43 20180824_access_bbs.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:43 20180824_access_blog.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:43 20180824_access_www.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:44 access_bbs.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:44 access_blog.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 24 20:44 access_www.log

10 书写定时任务
[root@web01 scripts]# crontab -e
# cut nginx log
00 0 * * *  /bin/sh /server/scripts/rotate_log.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

 

4 给出3个nginx部署和使用过程中的错误及解决方法

1 配置日志格式后检测报错
[root@web01 conf]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unknown log format "basic" in /application/nginx-1.14.0//conf/extra/bbs.conf:4
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.14.0//conf/nginx.conf test failed
经过几次检查才发现是，日志格式format位于配置文件conf后面导致，加载时找不到定义的日志名而报错。
错误配置
worker_processes 1;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    sendfile on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    include extra/*;
    log_format basic '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
}
解决：正确配置顺序

    log_format basic '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    include extra/*;


2 缺少相应模块 error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
解决：yum install openssl-devel -y

3  日志切割 logrotate
    postrotate
    if [ -f /application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid]; then
        kill -USR1 `cat /application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
    fi
    endscript
 之间的nginx.pid 文件应填实际的文件的路径